雅思阅读和写作总结范文第1篇

1. exhaust gas emission/ emit exhaust gases 2. release waste water/ industrial effluent 3. make noises 4. environmentally friendly. 5. it is environmentally friendly to charge on plastic bags to reduce plastic bag consumption in the market 教育类

1. create a competitive atmosphere 2. cooperation/cooperate 3. all-round talent 4. nine-year compulsory education 5. professional training/ job-oriented training 6. form a sound personality 7. higher education helps form a sound personality which is beneficial for students’ future development. 8. cope with/deal with 处理，应对 to cope with pressure from work.

医疗疾病类

1. heart attack; high blood pressure; stroke; diabetes; diarrhea; over-weight/ obesity 2. Many young children suffer from obesity due to intaking too much junk food. 3. contagious/ infectious diseases 科技类

Communication; transportation 1. surf the internet 2. net-meeting software 3. instant messege tools 4. on-line shopping; on-line banking system; transaction交易

句型

1. Thanks to ., we would be able to/ have the opportunity to/ are allowed to

2. education helps an individual obtain not only professional knowledge, but more importantly, it helps to develop

a sound personality. 3. By taking advantage of (making full use of), we. 4. Considering+名词, we(行动) status quo; Taking +名词into consideration, we+(行动) 5. 密切相关

be closely related to/Have a strong connection betweenand/link between and

例句The number of college graduates is closely related to the degree of a country’s civilization.

Whether the environment is well protected or not is closely related to the sustainable development of the society 6. There are three reasons to illustrate 7. A be originated from B

8. When it comes to , there is no division between A and B.

The line chart; the trend-line graph; the digram

The line chart depicts the number of foreign travellers visiting Australia from 1975 to 2005. The number increased gradually from exactly 10 to just over 30 million during this period. Throughout the period. Approximately; roughly; nearly; about Just over; just under Well over; well under There was an increase of the number

The number experienced/welcome an increase.. However, Suffered/experienced a decrease

The line chart compares the number of smokers every 1,000 among the genders from 1960 to 2000 in Someland. Generally speaking/ As an overall trend/ Basically, there were always more male smokers than their female counterparts.

In 1962, the rate for men stood at 600 per 1000./ The figure decreased slowly to 580 in 1972 and continued to decline but more steeply to 260 by 2003. However, the situation for women was quite different. There were 100 women smoking per 1000 in 1962, which was much lower than men. The number went up gradually to 190 in 1972 and continued to climb but more rapidly to roughly 300 by 1977. The figure then levelled out at 300 until 1983 at which point it started to decline and had dropped steadily to approximately 200 in 2002.

The number of cases stood at 100 in 1983. It increased minimally to roughly 110 by 1985 and continued to climb to 200 by the year of 1987. However, the number of cases dropped to the original level in the following year but then recovered quickly and had reached a peak at 400 in 1989. After a slight decrease by 50 in 1990, the figure levelled out at 350 until 1991 at which point it started to decline dramatically and had eradicated from someland in 1992.

The line chart compares the GDP growth rates in Japan, America and rest of Asia from 1995 to 2001. Generally speaking, the growing trends of rates in three regions did not correlate with each other throughout the period.

The two trend lines compare the trade balances figures in manufacturing and aguiculture sectors from 1991 to 2001. As an overall trend, it can be clearly seen that the trade balances were always positive in both sectors throughout the period. The imports in manufacturing sector increased from just over 2 $bn in 1991 to just under $6 bn in 2001 with fewer fluctuations. Follow the same trend but more fluctuations.

The bar charts compare the number of deaths caused by six diseases with the amount of fund allocated to those diseases in 1990 in someland.

When it comes to the number of deaths, TB contributed to 1.8 million deaths, which was the highest among all diseases. Diarrhea remained the second place of 0.5 million, followed by Malaria, TD, AIDS, and Leprosy with XX,XX,XX and XX respectively.

As to the amount of fund allocation, there was 180 million dollars put into the reseach of AIDS. /used for remedies of AIDS. , which ranked the top of all diseases. TD and Leprosy spent equally of 80 million dollars, which was much lower than that of AIDS. The spending on Diarrhea, Malaria and TB ranged from 0 to 60 million dollars, which accounted for

less than 20% of total fund allocation.

The first line chart compares the number of visitors going abroad from UK with those coming to UK for travelling. While the second bar chart demonstrates five countries/resorts which were most popular for UK visitors in 1999.

Noticeably,

The pie charts compare the highest level of education achieved by women in someland across two years, 1945 and 1995. |As an overall trend, it can be clearly seen that women were much better educated in 1995 than in 1945.

In 1945, 20 percent of women received secondary education, among which 1% of them went on to college for their first

degree.

The table compares the railway systems in six cities in three aspects: opening date, length of routes and passengers carrying per year.

As to the date of opening, railway was firstly constructed in London in the year of 1863. Subsequently, Pairs, Tokyo, Washingdon DC and Kyoto owned their

thrailways in the 20 century in the years of 1900, 1927,1976 and 1981 respectively. It was not until 2001 did Los Angeles construct its railway system.

According to the table, the length of route in London remained the longest of 394 km. The route in Washington, Tokyo and Paris ranged from 100 to 200 kms. In comparison, Kyoto and Los Angeles had the shortest routes among the all, with

11km and 28 km respectively.

Despite of the long route of railway in London, the number of passegers carried per year there ranked only the third place of six cities (755 million). On the other hand, railways in Tokyo and Paris turned out to be the busist with 1927 and 1191 million passengers respectively. On the contrary, the number of passengers carried in Kyoto, Los Angeles and Washington DC varied from 40 to 150 million per year.

The table compares two Indian Ocean countries of Madagascar and Mauritus in five aspects.

In terms of suface area, Madagascar was 12823 km2, which was nearly six times larger than Mauritus. The population in Mauritus was 456 million in 1999, which was only one sixth of that in Madagascar. Moreover, the variance was expected to become more significant, because the population growth rate in Madagascar was 12% compared with 2% in Mauritus.

The number increased sharply from 10 to (about; approximately; nearly;roughly)(just over/well over;just under/well under)30 million during the period.(throughout the period) There was an upward trend of the number

In 1960, there was 600 men in 1000 smoking./ In 1960, the number of male smokers per 1000 stood at 600. The rate declined steadily to roughly 580 in (by) 1973 and continued to decrease but more sharply to approximately 300 by 2002.

In contrast/by comparison/on the contrary, the rate of women started low at just under 100. The rate rose slightly to around 180 in 1973 and continued to increase but more quickly to roughly 300 in 1977. The number remained stable at 300 until 1982 at which point it started to decline and had dropped to 190 in 2002.

In conclusion, there were always more male smokers than female smokers thoughout the period and the smoking rates for them were both declining recentely.

The table describes the underground railways systems in six cities in terms of/ in the respects of/ in the aspects of opening date, length of routes, passengers per year.

When it comes to the opening date, railway firstly appeared in London in 1863. Railways were subsequently constructed in ththe 20 centery in Paris, Tokyo, Washingdon DC and Kyoto. It was not until 2001 did Los Angeles have underground railways.

As to the length of route/

Noticeably

雅思阅读和写作总结范文第2篇

词汇语序不准确是导致大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的重要因素。

因为中文和英文的叙述方式的不同，词汇的搭配顺序也有很大的区别，所以在雅思写作中，常常会造成一些中式英语的文章，也就是说会写一些完全按照中文语序逐字翻译的错句。这样的语言表达会给考官阅读带来困难，会对句意理解出现分歧，如此一来，当然会大大影响作文的得分。

例如：“竞争合作意识”应当被翻成“the sense of competition and cooperation”。

许多考生在情急之下，往往会翻成“competition and cooperation sense”

这样的表达一旦出现比例较高，便会给考官造成语言不地道的感觉，也就难以取得雅思写作高分。想要掌握正确的词汇的表达顺序这个雅思写作技巧，大家需要在备考雅思写作的过程中接触更多的英语读物，形成英语写作的思维。

书写上存在简写或缩写也是倒是大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的因素。

很多考生在备考雅思写作考试的时候，不能区分口语用词和书面用词的区别，以至于把一些不用在书面表达的方式用在了写作上。口语与写作的最大区别便是口语较随意，而写作比较严谨。为了凸显作文的书面感，建议考生应尽量避免明显的或者大量的简写和缩写形式。一来可以让卷面看起来更加清爽，二来也可以给考官留下认真严谨的好印象。

典型的易写缩写的表达有：

It’s 应该写成it is

What’s more应该写成what is more,

Can’t应该写成cannot

雅思阅读和写作总结范文第3篇

合理利用时间复习雅思是充分利用备考资源的基础。以下是来自官方的一些备考建议，供各位考生参考。 制定计划

在考前最后一个月，考生制定学习计划需考虑以下因素：

●我需要做什么

●我有多少时间

●如何把我要做的事情合理地落实进这些时间里

各位考生在做计划时要尽可能切合实际。如果计划要做的事情太多，而实际进度跟不上计划时，大家复习备考的积极性便会受挫。

了解基本信息

与英语相关的大多数事情都能帮助你提升语言能力阅读文章和观看电视节目也可以和做语法练习题一样有效。 明确地知道考试考什么，考试中考生需要做什么非常重要。做试题能够帮助考生培养题感，适应考试强度，但官方不建议考生把备考的所有时间都花在做题上。

考生需要多花时间磨练听、说、读、写四项基本技能。如果考生曾经或正在参加雅思培训课程，可以直接请教任课老师如何提高这些技能听力、阅读、写作、口语。

重审做过的习题，总结错误类型。检查是否理解了错误产生的原因，是否找到了改进的措施。 找到所需材料

雅思备考必备材料清单：

●考生词典(有实际例句的字典)

●练习题

●雅思备考教材

●优质语法书

●词汇笔记本

●课堂笔记本或其他材料(如果考生正在参加雅思培训课程)

●双语词典

如果考生能上网，也可以在网上找到丰富的学习资料例如在线词典和练习题样题(可登陆网址)。上述网站有的内容对所有人公开，但网站上有的内容只能在网站所在国国内观看。

●登陆意向国家的旅游网站这些网站通常会有一些介绍类视频，这类视频能够很好地帮助考生提升听力。 ●许多图书馆和博物馆都有网站视频，能够帮助考生练习听力。

雅思学术阅读复习

考前阅读量越大，考试中阅读部分就会完成得越顺利。阅读也是能够帮助考生拓展词汇量和学习语法知识的好方法，

同时还能帮助考生提升写作能力。

在雅思阅读当中，考生将读到与学术相关的事实陈述类或讨论类的文章，所以在复习备考过程中，考生可以在知名报纸、杂志和期刊中找到大量相关学术话题的文章进行阅读，如自然、人文、经济、时事和社会等话题。 ● 确保阅读材料的题材丰富。在网络上和纸质版印刷物上考生都能找到丰富的阅读材料。

● 找到阅读的乐趣，保持规律的阅读。读一些考生自己可能感兴趣的材料，如小说、体育报道或是杂志上的小测试。这些内容也许不具备雅思考试阅读材料的特征，但是能帮助考生有效积累英语语言的相关知识。

● 坚持写阅读日记每天写几句话记录所读到的内容。这个方法能帮助考生学习新的词汇和表达方式，有助于雅思写作练习的准备。

● 和同伴讨论阅读的内容建立读书俱乐部，定期举行聚会，讨论书中的内容。

● 尝试不要遇到生词就马上查词典，除非词义的理解影响了整个句子的理解。等全篇读完后，再回头去查那些非重要的词汇。

考生也许会感兴趣的一些阅读材料：

● 进阶读物

● 已经读过母语版的读物，尝试读它们的英文原版

● 考生自己国家或曾去过的旅游景点的英文介绍

● 报纸文章

● 音乐、电影或书籍的评论

与雅思学术阅读文章难度相当的读物包括：

● 国外原版教科书

● 考生所感兴趣的话题的百科词条

● 以介绍学术词汇为主要内容的语言学习资料

雅思学术写作复习

在雅思学术写作中，考生需要描述和解释一个图表或其他图片内容(Task 1)，然后就一个话题写一篇短文阐述自己的观点(Task 2)。

备考写作时，考生应当按照写作考试的要求，有规律地进行写作练习。如果有条件，请一位英语老师或一位英语使用者帮忙修改文章。认真学习他们给出的评语，并在下次写作练习中尝试改进。

●动笔写作前，先根据要写的内容列好大纲。

●每次写作时都尝试使用新学会的单词和表达方式，如有需要，参照考生词典里的经典用法。

●练习自己检查文章，保证用词造句地道准确，特别关注那些常犯的错误，如主谓不一致，介词和冠词的错用等。 雅思口语复习

考生应抓住一切机会进行口语练习。

●确保知道如何谈论自己的工作和学习的经验以及计划。在网上阅读文章以熟悉如何谈论自身对专业和大学课程的选择。

●确保能够表达对一系列综合话题的观点，并知道如何给出例子以解释自己的观点。可通过听广播和看电视节目谈话类和讨论类节目来收集表达观点和描述观点的用语。

●如果考生所在的区域有母语为英语的学生，尝试和他们保持联系。通过交换语言课程的方式来互相帮助学习。例如半个小时英语交流，半个小时母语交流。

●尝试与周围说英语的旅行者联系。

●与同伴尝试就选定的话题进行半个小时纯英文交流。

●加入所在的城市的英语口语俱乐部。

●确保能够轻松完成这些事情- 自我介绍，表达同意与否的意见，请别人重复解释他们的观点，给出支持或反对某个观点或决策的论据，进行假设，谈论自己的经验，证明某个观点这些都是雅思口语常考内容。

希望这些建议能够帮助考生们充分有效的使用备考时间。也希望考生们能享受整个备考学习的过程。

雅思阅读和写作总结范文第4篇

[格式内容]1.标题。写"讣告"即可。

2.死者的姓名、身份、逝世时间、地点、原因、终年寿命。

3.死者生平(可有可无)。

4.葬礼举办时间、地点。

5.联系情况。

6.讣告发出者。

[范例参考]范例一亲属发讣告

讣告

父亲大人刘爱美，因病久治不愈，于公历在医院抢救无效，不幸与世长辞，享年90岁。现定于2002年1月6日上午10时30分在*殡仪馆20号厅举行追悼仪式。

治丧委员会设于广州*路*号，负责人：*

联系电话：***

长子：张*妻：*孙男：张*

次子：张*****泣告

范例二单位发

讣告

范文网[CHAZIDIAN.COM]中国共产党党员、全国劳动模范，*工业公司退休工人、技师*同志因患癌症医治无效，不幸于2001年11月7日凌晨病逝，享年66岁。

*同志的追悼会定于2001年11月10日下午3时30分在*殡仪馆大厅25号房举行。

特此讣告

广州*工业公司

雅思阅读和写作总结范文第5篇

所以，一套成功的剧本是要让观众看完后，清楚明白作者想表达的思想和主题。 < 第 二 节 > 创造角色冲突 (create character conflict) 角色冲突是吸引观众的不二法门。这包括故事角色和角色之间的冲突，角色和他自身价值观的冲突等。

<<方法一： Potogonist Vs Antogonist>> 故事里的人物想做一些事，但有一股力量抗衡他，这就是Potogonist /Antogonist 例如电影怒火风暴(Falling Down)故事中，主角刚刚经历完痛苦的劳狱生涯，当他出狱时，他一心想见回自己的妻子，重过正常人的生活(Potogonist，他想追求的事)。但他的妻子逃避他，不认他，而四周的人也因他的犯罪纪录而歧视他(Antogonist，阻止他达到目的的力量)。

<<方法二： 不能分解的关系 (unbreakable bonding)>> 当角色和角色之间存在冲突，而且有一个不能分开的结把他们拉在一起，好戏便来了。举一个简单的例子，男主角的妻子是个三姑六婆、八卦的女人，而男主角的母亲则是个守礼节的传统妇女。因为环境的因素，主角和他的妻子必须搬进家里和妈妈一起住。试想两个完全冲突的人：媳妇和奶奶被一个 unbreakable bond 拉在一起时，会是怎样。 < 第 三 节 > 创造表面张力 (create dramatic tension) <<方法一： 让你的观众知道一些事而故事中的角色是不知道的>> 例如故事中的主角闯进了敌人的基地，有支枪在黑暗处伸出来瞄准着他(观众知道但主角不知道)，敌人就快要开枪了，观众也为主角担心。

<<方法二： 让你的观众感到故事中的角色是走在一条错误的路上>> 主角的母亲病了，他全身家只有一百元，于是他便去睹场碰碰运气。很好运地，主角不停地赢钱，已有几千元，有足够的医药费了。但他竟然贪胜不知输，继续赌下去，结果输了一局又一局(观众已知他已走在一条错误的路上)。最后连手上的一百元也输了，竟然还去问大耳窿借钱(他用错误的方法企图达到目的)。 <<方法三： 时间限制 (deadline)>> 故事中某些事件若存着时间的限制，或计时炸弹，能够给观众一股紧张的情绪，并且这股紧张情绪能维持一段长时间。

还有十二个小时，陨石便会撞击地球，地球上超过一半的生物会死亡。(电影--陨石撞地球) 这辆巴士必须维持在时速一百二十公理，否则车上的炸弹便会爆炸。(电影--生死时速) <<方法四：转折点 (Turning Point)>> 使用转折点能制造意外的效果，引起观众的预期心理，加强情节张力，从而持续观众对故事的兴趣。转折点最常出现于故事的前段和后段。剧本前段的转折点一般用于开启故事和陈列出主角即将面临的各项选择。至于后段的转折点则指向主角解决危机，收拢故事。 例如著名电影「生于七月四日」(Born on the fourth of July)，主角在故事开始面临第一个转折点：是否要参加越战。主角最后选择参战，走上战场。但好景不常，在战争中主角被打破了双脚，要终生坐轮椅。原本爱国主战的他经历了多件事件后，改变了他的想法。导致故事结局出现了很出人意表的转折点，他由主战派变成反战派，从而带出反战的主题。 < 第 四 节 > 其它技巧

<< 伏笔 (Planting)>> 相信有作文的人都会知道什么叫做伏笔吧！埋下伏线可以吸引观众追看剧情。例如在电影心计中，主角汤美一早便表露了他有模仿人签名和行为的能力(伏线)，到故事发展到他杀了有钱人迪奇后，观众凭借伏线已经估到主角会假冒迪奇。 << 关键匙 (Payoff)>> 所谓 Payoff，就是最能象征整个故事的对象。例如在电影”Apartment”中，那条门匙就是Payoff。又如著名电影「舒特拉的名单」中，那张犹太人的名单也是Payoff。 <<蒙太奇 (montage)>> 有两个画面，梅花间竹地播出，这就是蒙太奇。例如在电影教父中，画面一边播出教会里正在举行的神圣仪式，如神父替孩子洗礼，向天主祈祷等。但另一边画面却转接地播出教会中邪恶的一面，例如教会中的领袖为求夺权，去反对他的人的住所，不停地大开杀戒。 蒙太奇亦可以指一些不同而没有关系的画面,当他们剪接在一起的时候,会产生另一种意义,简单来说,如第一画面中有一只手正在投球,而另一画面是另外一只手接到一个球,然而球不见得是同一个,但当两个画面前在一起的时候,就是一个人把球投给另外一个人,注意/若中间再加入另外的画面,这意思就完全不一样了!! (注：这一段蒙太奇的文字解释由网友「贝戈」提供) < 第 五 节 > 剧本三大忌

<<写剧本变写小说>> 剧本写作和小说写作是两样完全不同的事，要知道写剧本的目的是要用文字去表达一连串的画面，所以你要让看剧本的人见到文字而又能够实时联想到一幅图画，将他们带到动画的世界里。小说就不同，他除了写出画面外，更包括抒情句子，修辞手法和角色内心世界的描述。这些在剧本里是不应有的。举一个简单的例子，在小说里有这样的句子：

「 今天会考放榜，同学们都很紧张地等待结果，小明别过父母后，便去学校领取成绩通知书。老师派发成绩单，小明心里想：如果这次不合格就不好了。 他十分担心，害怕考试失败后不知如何面对家人』

试想，如果将上面的句子写在剧本里，你叫演员看了怎样用动作去表达。 如果要用剧本去表达同样的意思，就只有写成如下：

「 在课室里面，学生都坐在座位上，脸上带着紧张的表情，看着站在外面的老师。老师手上拿着一叠成绩通知书，她看了看面头的一张，叫道：「陈大雄！」大雄立刻走出去领取成绩单。小明在课室的一角，两只手不停地搓来搓去。他看出课室外面，画面渐渐返回当日早上时的情景。小明的父母一早就坐在大厅上，小明穿好校服，准备出门，看了看父亲，又看了看母亲，见到他们严肃的脸孔，不知该说些什么。小明的父亲说：「会合格吗？」小明说：「会会的。」

「陈小明！」老师宏亮的声音把小明从回忆中带回现实。老师手上拿着小明的成绩单看着他，小明呆了一会，才快步走出去领取』 <<用说话去交待剧情>>

剧本里不宜有太多的对话(除非是剧情的需要)，否则整个故事会变得不连贯，缺乏动作，观众看起来就似听读剧本一样，好闷。要知道你现在要写的是电影语言，而不是文学语言。只适合于读而不适合于看的便不是好剧本。所以，一部优秀的电影剧本，对白越少，画面感就越强，冲?力就越大。

举一个简单的例子，比如你写一个人打电话，你最好不要让他坐在电话旁不动，只顾说话。如果剧情需要，可让他站起来，或拿着电话走几步，尽量避免画面的呆板和单调。 <<故事太多枝节>> 很多人写剧本都写得太多枝节，在枝节中有很多的角色，穿插了很多的场口，使故事变得复杂化，观众可能会看得不明白，不清楚作者想表达什么主题。试想如果在一幕电影中同时有十几个重要的角色，角色之间又有很多故事，你叫观众在短短时间里那能把每一个角色记得这么清楚。

其实，写剧本有一句格言：「 Simple is the best! 」愈简单的故事就愈好。大家想想你们所看过的好电影中，它们的剧情是不是都很简单。例如电影铁达尼号(Titanic)只是讲一艘大船下沉，而下沉当中男女主角产生了爱情。其它电影也一样，简单到报纸短评用短短几十个字就能讲出故事大纲。

雅思阅读和写作总结范文第6篇

常用的“主语+系动词+表语”的句型

1. ...Be (beneficial, important, essential, required, crucial, vital, critical, challenging, difficult, harmful, detrimental, exposed, subject, vulnerable) to something 练习：过度工作对工作者的健康有害。

Overworking is detrimental to workers’ health. 2. Be of benefit (value, importance, interest, concern) to something 练习：在有关小孩成长的重要事情上，父母应该和小孩商量。

Parents should consult children on matters of importance to children’s development. 3. Be likely (unlikely, able, unable, willing, unwilling ,reluctant, pleased, inclined, prone) to do something 练习：环境主义者倾向于反对高密度种植。

Environmentalists are inclined to disagree with intensive farming. 4. The main purpose (objective, function, duty, key, priority) of somebody/something is to do something 练习：学校的主要功能是传播知识。

The main function of schools is to impart knowledge. 5. Be aware (mindful, wary, conscious) of something 练习：很多父母现在意识到儿童早期教育的重要性。

Many parents are now aware of the importance of early childhood education. 6. Be familiar (satisfied, obsessed, preoccupied, concerned) with something 练习：很多父母现在满脑子都是他们的职业。

Many parents are completely preoccupied with their careers. 7. Be under threat (under pressure, under scrutiny, at sick of) 练习：因为缺乏资金，很多的学科项目有倒闭的风险。

Many scientific projects are under threat of closure due to lack of funding. 8. It is important (necessary, easy, difficult, reasonable, imperative, pointless) to do something 练习：否认父母在小孩早期教育的重要性是没有理由的。

It is pointless to deny the importance of parents in children’s early education.

常用的“主语+不及物动词”的句型

9. ...disappeared/vanished/emerged/surfaced/occurred/happened 练习：当国家付出努力提高经济的时候，问题出现了。

Problems have surfaced when countries make an effort to develop their economies. 10. Something increased (climbed/grew/rose/dropped/declined/slid/slipped/plummeted) 练习：电子商务在GDP的比重越来越重要。

E-commerce has increased in importance as share of GDP. 11. Something contribute to (lead to, result in, result from, give rise to, consist of, make up) something 练习：工业化导致资源的耗尽。

Industrialisation has contributed to the depletion of resources.

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12. Somebody focus on (rely on, depend on, belong to) something/somebody 练习：有些人的娱乐只有网络。

Some people rely exclusively on the Internet for entertainment.

常用的“主语+及物动词+宾语”的句型

13. Have a positive (negative, adverse, chronic, cumulative, profound) impact/effect on something 练习：全球化对一个国家的文化认同感有着深远的影响。

Globalisation has a profound impact on a country’s cultural identity. 14. Choose (decide, intend, refuse, endeavour, struggle, arrange) to do something 练习：很多打工族选择参加网络课程来提升他们的知识。

Many working people have chosen to update their knowledge by attending online courses.

常用的“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语”的句型

15. Encourage (prompt, motivate, require, allow, enable, invite, permit, urge, persuade, empower, expect, anticipate, force) somebody to do something 练习：老师要求小孩去遵守规则。

Teachers require children to obey some rules. 16. Prevent (discourage, deter) somebody from doing something 练习：教育会防止罪犯再次犯罪。

Education can prevent offenders from committing crimes again. 17. Consider (regard, perceive, treat, deem, recognise) somebody/something as somebody/something 练习：一些国家，尤其是发展中国家，将旅游行业看做是更重要的行业。

Some countries, developing countries in particular, regard the travel industry as an important industry.

常用的“被动语态”的句型

18. Somebody is encouraged (motivated, required, permitted, invited, urged, persuaded, empowered, compelled, expected, tempted, entrusted) to do something 练习：小孩被鼓励着去发展他们的爱好。

Children are encouraged to pursue their hobbies.

常用的主语从句

19. It is clear (true, obvious, apparent, unquestionable) that... 练习：很明显的是，父母的行为对孩子的世界观有直接的影响。

It is clear that parents’ behaviour has a direct impact on children’s world view. 20. It should be noted (recognised) that... 练习：需要注意到的是，有些动物实验不是为了开发药物。

It should be noted that some animal-based tests are not for the development of medicine. 21. It is worth mentioning (noting, emphasising) that... 练习：值得一提的是人们的平均工作生涯比几十年前要长。

It is worth mentioning that the average working life is now longer than decades ago. 22. It is widely believed that... 练习：众所周知的是，教育帮助小孩为以后的成年期准备。

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It is widely believed that education prepares children for adulthood. 23. It can be argued that... 练习：有人可能会说，在家里做饭比吃快餐要贵。

It can be argued that cooing meals at home is more expensive than eating fast food. 24. It is not surprising that... 练习：无可置疑的是，劳逸结合对很多人现在都是挑战。

It is not surprising that work-life balance is now a challenge to many people. 25. It is not unusual that... 练习：不足为奇的是，女人有时候需要辞职，为了照顾小孩。

It is not unusual that women have to quit jobs for childrearing responsibility.

常用的主语从句

26. ...reveals/indicates/suggests/shows that... 练习：白手起家的一些富豪的成功展示了正式教育未必像预想的那么重要。

The success of some self-made billionaires indicates that formal education may not be as important as expected. 27. ...believe/argue/hold/suggest/claim/realise/contend/agree that... 练习：人们倾向于相信，年轻人缺乏工作经验是个明显的缺点。

People tend to believe that young people’s lack of work experience is a clear disadvantage. 28. It is important to realise/recognise/acknowledge/note/remember/bear in mind that... 练习：需要意识到有些资源是不可更新的。

It is important to realise that some resources are non-renewable. 29. It is commonplace to argue that... 练习：音乐对大部分人的职业成功不是重要的，这是个常见的说法。

It is commonplace to argue that music is not essential to the career success of most people. 30. It is reasonable to believe that... 练习：文化普及可以减少贫穷，这一看法是合理的。

It is reasonable to believe that literacy can help eliminate poverty. 31. ...aware (convinced) that.. 练习：人们现在意识到他们在全球化社会需要克服语言障碍。

People are now aware that they should overcome language barriers in a globalised world.

常用的表语从句

32. One main argument is that... 练习：一个主要的观点是网络教育适合成人学生的需要。

One main argument is that online education suits the needs of adult students. 33. The main reason is that... 练习：网络购物如此普遍的主要原因是它符合人们生活繁忙的特点。

The main reason for online shopping’s popularity is that it matches people’s busy schedule. 34. The advantage (benefit, consequence, counterargument, difference, disadvantage, downside, explanation, fact, implication, possibility, problem) is that... 练习：可以解释小孩反社会行为的是：小孩用极端的方式表达他们的不满。

The main explanation for children’s anti-social behaviour is that children tend to express their dissatisfaction radically.

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35. The question remains whether... 练习：这个问题仍然存在：是否天性比后天的因素更能够预测人的行为。

The question remains whether nature predicts one’s behavior more reliably than nurture. 36. It seems/proves that... 练习：女性已经被证明在很多职业和男人表现的一样的好。

It proves that women work as well as men do in many occupations. 37. One important point to note is that... 练习：一个主要的观点是著名的运动员有时候对年轻人是一个模范。

One important point to note is that famous athletes are sometimes an inspiration to younger generation. 38. Another fact to bear in mind is that... 练习：另外一个大家要记得的事实是，小孩并不意识到教育的实践意义。

Another fact to bear in mind is that children do not realise the practical value of education.

常用的同位语从句

39. Despite the fact that... 练习：尽管人们讨厌规则，他们事实上在人生很多时候会接受规则，甚至制定规则。

Despite the fact that people hate rules, they in fact accept rules or even set rules from time to time during the course of their lives. 40. Due to/in view of the fact that... 练习：因为乡村经济一般是比较落后，乡村移居城市是可以理解的。

Due to the fact that rural economies are normally backward, the rural-to-urban shift is understandable. 41. This is evidenced by the fact that.. 练习：全球化的证据是很多跨国企业占据了很多国家的市场。

Globalisation is evidenced by the fact that multinational enterprises now dominate the market in many countries. 42. There is little evidence that... 练习：没有什么证据证明，观众可以有效地分析广告的信息。

There is little evidence that viewers can critically analyse the messages of advertisements. 43. ...can come to the conclusion that... 练习：我可以得出结论：现代娱乐未必对一个人的创造力有伤害。

I can come to the conclusion that modern entertainment may not be detrimental to one’s creativity. 44. There can be little doubt/there is no denying that... 练习：无可置疑的是，科技发展是一个国家经济腾飞的前提。

There can be little doubt that technological advances are the precursor of a country’s economic boom. 45. It goes without saying that... 练习：无可置疑的是，人的身体强度随着年龄增长而下降。

It goes without saying that one’s physical strength declines with age. 46. It can be explained/justified by the fact that... 练习：保护老建筑主要是从这么一个事实获得支持：这些建筑有文化和历史的价值。

The preservation of older buildings can be justified by the fact that these buildings are of

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cultural and historical value. 47. It lies in the fact that... 练习：父母强调教育。这是基于一个事实：教育看来可以提高小孩的工作前景。

Parents emphasise education. It lies in the fact that education appears to improve children’s job prospects. 48. There is a growing recognition that... 练习：越来越让人注意的是，出国度假的人越来越多。

There is a growing recognition that more people than ever before vacation overseas. 49. There are growing concerns that... 练习：人们越来越关注到：媒体广泛报道犯罪会影响观众的行为。

There are growing concerns that the extensive media coverage of crime can affect viewers’ behaviour. 50. I am of the view that... 练习：我的看法是没有社会是可以很好地工作，加入没有规则去监督市民的行为。

I am of the view that no society functions properly without rules governing citizens’ behaviour.