特许经营合同中英-盘古文库

特许经营合同中英

合同协议

来源：火烈鸟

作者：开心麻花

2025-09-19

特许经营合同中英（精选6篇）

特许经营合同中英第1篇

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中外合资经营合同（中英文）格式

第一章总则

中国＿＿＿＿＿公司和＿＿＿＿＿国＿＿＿＿＿公司，根据《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》和中国的其它有关法律法规，本着平等互利的原则，通过友好协商，同意在中华人民共和国共同投资举办合资经营企业，特订立本合同。

第二章合资双方

第一条合资合同双方

合同双方如下：

１．１．“中国＿＿＿＿＿公司”（以下简称甲方）是一个按中华人民共和国（以下简称“中国”）法律组织和存在的企业法人，在中国注册，持有编号为＿＿＿＿＿的营业执照。

法定地址：

法人代表：

１．２．“＿＿＿＿＿公司”（以下简称乙方）是一个按＿＿＿＿＿国法律组织和存在的企业法人，在＿＿＿＿＿注册，持有编号为＿＿＿＿＿的营业执照。

法定地址：

法人代表：

１．３．各方均表明自己是按中国法律或＿＿＿＿＿国法律合法成立的有效法人，具有缔结本合资合同并履行本合同义务所需的全部法人权限。

第三章合资公司的成立

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第二条按照中国的合资企业法和其它有关法律和法规，合同双方同意在中国境内＿＿＿＿＿省＿＿＿＿＿市建立合资公司。

第三条合资公司的中文名称为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿合资公司的英文名称为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

法定地址：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

第四条合资公司为中国法人，受中国的法律、法规和有关规章制度（以下简称“中国法律”）的管辖和保护，在遵守中国法律的前提下，从事其一切活动。

第五条合资公司的法律形式为有限责任公司，合资公司的责任以其全部资产为限，双方的责任以各自对注册资本的出资为限。合资公司的利润按双方对注册资本出资的比例由双方分享。

第四章生产和经营的目的范围和规模

第六条目的合资双方希望加强经济合作和技术交流，从事第七条所规定的经营活动，„„（根据具体情况写），为投资双方带来满意的经济利益。

第七条合资公司生产和经营范围（略）

第八条合资公司生产规模（略）

第五章投资总额与注册资本

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第九条总投资合资公司的总投资额为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿人民币。

第十条注册资本合资公司的注册资本为＿＿＿＿＿人民币，其中：甲方＿＿＿＿＿元，占＿＿＿＿＿％；

乙方＿＿＿＿＿元，占＿＿＿＿＿％。

（如乙方以外币出资，按照缴款当日的中国国家外汇管理局公布的外汇牌价折算成人民币）

第十一条双方将以下列作为出资：

１１．１．甲方：现金＿＿＿＿＿元机械设备＿＿＿＿＿元厂房＿＿＿＿＿元工地使用费＿＿＿＿＿元工业产权＿＿＿＿＿元其它＿＿＿＿＿元共＿＿＿＿＿元

１１．２．乙方：现金＿＿＿＿＿元机械设备＿＿＿＿＿元工业产权＿＿＿＿＿元其它＿＿＿＿＿元共＿＿＿＿＿元

第十二条合资公司注册资本由甲、乙方按其出资比例分＿＿＿＿＿期缴付，每期缴付的数额如下：（略）

第十三条贷款总投资和注册资本之间的差额向银行贷款。可首先考虑向合资公司所在的国内银行或其它渠道借贷。甲、乙方按在合资公司注册资本的比例各自负责贷款担保。

如果合资公司董事会认为，除了第十一条规定的双方投资额和上述贷款外，合资公司的经营需要流动资金和其它资金，双方应按各自在合资公司注册资本的比例为上述借款作担保。

如果不能按上述方式获得借款，董事会将按合同双方各自在合资公司中的资本比例向合同双方另外征集资金。除非合同双方另以书面形式明确表示同意，任何一方都没有义务再增加注册资本成为第三方借贷给合资公司的款项作担保。但是，如果合资公司的经营、利润状况良好，合同双方原则上同意再适当增加注册资本，即按经营发展状况和稳妥的股本筹措原则使用积累的储备基金。

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第十四条资本转让除非得到另一方的同意并经审批机关批准，合同任何一方都不得将其认缴的资本股份全部或部份转让给第三方。如果一方将其认缴的资本股份全部或部分转让给第三方，则另一方具有优先受让的权利，受让的条件不得苛刻于转让给第三方的条件。另一方特此表示，如果自己不行使优先受让权，即为同意上述转让。

第十五条抵押和担保未经董事会一致同意，任何一方都不得将其认缴的资本股份全部或部分用作抵押，也不得用作担保。

第六章合资双方的责任

第十六条甲、乙方应各自负责完成以下各项事宜：

１６．１甲方责任（根据具体情况写，主要有：）

——按第五章规定出资并协助安排资金筹措；

——办理为设立合资公司向中国有关主管部门申请批准、登记注册、领取营业执照等事宜；

——向土地主管部门办理申请取得土地使用权的手续；

——协助合资公司组织合资公司厂房和其它工程设施的设计、施工；

——协助办理乙方作为出资而提供的机械设备的进口报关手续和在中国境内的运输；

——协助合资公司联系落实水、电、交通等基础设施；

——协助合资公司申请所有可能享受的关税和税务减免以及其它利益或优惠待遇；

——协助合资公司招聘中方管理人员、技术人员、工人和所需的其他人员；

——协助外籍工作人员办理所需的入境签证、工作许可证和旅行手续等；

——负责办理合资公司委托的其它事宜。

１６．２乙方责任：

——按第五章规定出资并协助安排资金筹措；

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——办理合资公司委托在中国境外选购机械设备、材料等有关事宜；

——提供需要的设备安装、调试以及试生产技术人员、生产和检验技术人员；

——培训合资公司的技术人员和工人；

——如乙方同时又是技术转让方，则应负责合资公司在规定期限内按设计能力稳定地生产合格产品；

——负责办理合资公司委托的其它事宜。

第七章技术转让

第十七条许可与技术引进协议合资公司和＿＿公司的“许可与技术引进协议”应与本合同同时草签。

第八章商标的使用及产品的销售

第十八条合资公司和＿＿公司就使用＿＿公司的商标签订“商标使用许可协议”，所有同商标有关的事宜均应按照“商标使用许可协议”的规定办理。或合资公司的产品使用商标为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。

第十九条合资公司的产品，在中国境内外市场上销售，外销部分占＿＿＿＿＿％，内销部分占＿＿＿＿＿％。

第二十条合资公司内销产品可由中国物资部门、商业部门包销或代销，或由中国外贸公司包销的占＿＿＿＿＿％。

第二十一条产品可由下述渠道向国外销售：由合资公司直接向中国境外销售的占＿＿＿＿＿％。由合资公司与中国外贸公司订立销售合同，委托其代销，或由中国外贸公司包销的占＿＿＿＿＿％。由合资公司委托乙方销售的占＿＿＿＿＿％。

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第九章董事会

第二十二条合资公司注册登记之日，为合资公司董事会成立之日。

第二十三条董事会由＿＿＿＿＿名董事组成，其中甲方委派＿＿＿＿＿名，乙方委派＿＿＿＿＿名。董事长由甲方委派，副董事长由乙方委派。董事、董事长和副董事长任期４年，经委派方继续委派可以连任。

第二十四条董事会是合资公司的最高权力机构，决定合资公司的一切重大事宜：

１．修改合资公司的章程；

２．终止或解散合资公司；

３．与其它经济组织合并；

４．合资公司注册资本的增加；

５．采纳、更改或终止集体劳动合同、职工工资制度和集体福利计划等；

６．分红；

７．批准财务报表，„„（略）

第二十五条董事会的所有决议均需全体董事的多数表决方能通过，但第二十四条＿＿＿＿＿款所列事项需全体董事一致同意后方能通过。

第二十六条董事长是合资公司的法定代表。如果董事长不能行使其职责，应书面授权副董事长代理。

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第二十七条董事会会议每年至少召开一次，由董事长召集并主持会议。经三分之一以上的董事提议，董事长可召开董事会临时会议。会议纪要归合资公司存档。任何一名董事如不能出席会议，应以书面委托的形式指定一名代理出席会议和行使表决权。如果董事既不出席会议也不委托他人参加会议，应视作弃权。

第十章经营管理机构

第二十八条合资公司设经营管理机构，负责公司的日常经营管理工作。经营管理机构设总经理一人，由＿＿＿＿＿方推荐，副总经理＿＿＿＿＿人，由甲方推荐＿＿＿＿＿人，乙方推荐＿＿＿＿＿人。总经理、副总经理由董事会聘请，任期＿＿＿＿＿年。

第二十九条总经理的职责是执行董事会会议的各项决议，组织领导合资公司的日常经营管理工作。副总经理协助总经理工作。

第三十条总经理、副总经理有营私舞弊或严重失职的，经董事会会议决议可随时撤换。

第十一章设备材料的采购

第三十一条合资公司生产中所需要的有关设备、仪器等物资，其采购权归合资公司。

第三十二条合资公司所需原材料、燃料、零部件、运输工具等，在条件相同情况下，尽先在中国购买。

第十二章劳动管理

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第三十三条合资公司职工的招聘、处罚、辞退、合同期限、工资、劳动保险、生活福利等事宜，按照《中华人民共和国劳动法》和《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业劳动管理规定》及其实施办法，经董事会研究制定方案，由合资公司和合资公司工会组织集体或个别地订立劳动合同。劳动合同订立后，报当地劳动管理部门备案。

第三十四条外籍职工有关的劳动事务详细规定见附件。

第十三章工会

第三十五条工会的任务为：（略）

——保护法律规定的职工的民主权利和物质利益；

——协助合资公司安排和合理使用福利基金；

——参加调解职工与合资公司之间发生的争议；等。

第三十六条工会代表有权就职工的奖励、处罚、解聘、工资、福利、劳动保护和劳动保险等问题同经营管理机构协商。

第三十七条根据中国法律和法规的有关规定，合资公司应每月依法拨交按公司全部职工实际工资总额的＿＿＿＿＿％作为工会经费。

第十四章税务、财务和审计

第三十八条合资公司应按有关的中国法律和法规的规定支付各类税款。

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第三十九条合资公司职工应按中国的税法支付个人所得税。

第四十条合资公司按照《中华人民共和国合资经营企业法》的规定提取储备基金、企业发展基金和职工福利基金，每年提取的比例由董事会根据公司经营情况讨论决定。

第四十一条合资公司的会计与公历年相同，从每年１月１日起至１２月３１日止，一切记帐凭证、单据、报表、帐簿，用中文或双方同意的一种外文书写。

第四十二条合资公司的财务帐册应每年一次由一个在中国注册的会计事务所进行审计，费用由合资公司承担。合同各方有权各自承担费用自行指定审计师审计合资公司的帐目。

第四十三条每一营业的头三个月，由总经理组织编制上一的资产负债表，损益计算书和利润分配方案，提交董事会会议审查。

第十五章保险

第四十四条合资公司在经营期内为保护公司不因各类灾害而受损失，应向中国人民保险公司投保。保险的险别，投保的价值和期限等应由董事会作出决定。发生的保险费由合资公司承担。

第十六章合资公司的期限及正常终止

第四十五条合资公司的期限为＿＿＿＿＿年。合资公司的成立日期为合资公司营业执照签发之日。经一方提议，董事会会议一致通过，可以在合资期满６个月前向原审批机构申请延长合资期限。

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第四十六条合资期满或提前终止合资，应按可适用法律和公司章程所规定的有关条款进行清算。

第十七章合同的修改、变更和终止

第四十七条对合同及其附件所作的任何修改，须经合同双方在书面协议上签字并经原审批机构批准后方能生效。

第四十八条由于不可抗力，致使合同无法履行，或是由于合资公司连年亏损，无力继续经营，经董事会一致通过，并报原审批机构批准，可以提前终止合同。

第四十九条由于一方不履行合同、章程规定的义务，或严重违反合同、章程的规定，造成合资公司无法经营或无法达到合同规定的经营目的，视作违约方片面终止合同，对方除有权向违约方索赔外，并有权按合同规定报原审批机构批准终止合同。

第十八章违约责任

第五十条如果任何一方未及时缴纳第十二条规定的注册资本金额，则每拖欠一个月该方即应支付相当于出资额＿＿＿＿＿％的违约赔偿金。如逾期３个月仍未提交，除累计支付出资额的＿＿＿＿＿％作为违约金外，守约一方有权按本合同第四十九条规定终止合同，并要求违约方赔偿损失。

第五十一条由于一方违约，造成本合同及其附件不能履行或不能完全履行时，由违约方承担违约责任；如属双方违约，根据实际情况，由双方分别承担各自应负的违约责任。

第十九章不可抗力

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第五十二条由于地震、台风、水灾、火灾、战争以及其它不能预见且对其发生和后果不能防止或避免的不可抗力，致使直接影响合同的履行或者不能按约定的条件履行时，遇有上述不可抗力的一方，应立即电报通知对方，并应在１５天内，提供不可抗力详情及合同不能履行，或者部分不能履行，或者需要延期履行的理由的有效证明文件，此项证明文件应由不可抗力发生地区的公证机构出具。按其对履行合同影响的程度，由双方协商决定是否解除合同，或者部分免除履行合同的责任，或者延期履行合同。

第二十章适用法律

第五十三条本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。在某一具体问题上如果没有业已颁布的中国法律可适用，则可参考国际惯例办理。

第二十一章争议的解决

第五十四条凡因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决，如果协商不能解决，应提交北京中国国际贸易促进委员会对外经济贸易仲裁委员会根据该会的仲裁程序暂行规则进行仲裁。或，应提交＿＿国＿＿地＿＿仲裁机构根据该仲裁机构的仲裁程序进行仲裁。或，仲裁在被诉人所在国进行。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方都有约束力。

第五十五条在仲裁过程中，除双方有争议正在进行仲裁的部分外，本合同应继续履行。

第二十二章合同文字

第五十六条本合同用中文和＿＿＿＿＿文写成，两种文字具有同等效力。上述两种文本如有不符，以中文本为准。

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第二十三章合同生效及其它

第五十七条按照本合同规定的各项原则订立的如下附属协议文件，包括：技术转让协议、销售协议„„，均为本合同的组成部分。

第五十八条本合同及其附件，自中华人民共和国审批机构批准之日起生效。

第五十九条双方发送通知，如用电报、电传时、凡涉及各方权利、义务的，应随之以书面信件通知。合同中所列双方的法定地址为收件地址。

第六十条本合同于＿＿＿＿＿年＿＿＿＿＿月＿＿＿＿＿日由双方指定的授权代表在中国＿＿＿＿＿签署。中国＿＿公司代表

＿＿国＿＿公司代表

THE CONTRACT FOR SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE

Whole Doc.Chapter 1 General Provisions

In accordance with the Law of the People s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment(the “Joint Venture Law”)and other relevant Chinese laws and regulations, __________Company and ___________ Company, in accordance with the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly

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consultations, agree to jointly invest to set up a joint venture enterprise in ________of the People s Republic of China.Chapter 2 Parties of the Joint Venture

Article 1

Parties to this contract are as follows: ___________Company(hereinafter referred to as Party A), registered with __________ in China, and its legal address is at ___________(street)__________(district)___________(city)___________China.Legal representative:

Name:

Position:

Nationality:

__________Company(hereinafter referred to as Party B), registered with __________.Its legal address at ___________.Legal representative:

Name:

Position:

Nationality:

(Note: In case there are more than two investors, they will be called Party C,D...in proper order).Chapter 3 Establishment of the Joint Venture Company

Article 2

In accordance with the Joint Venture Law and other relevant Chinese laws and regulations, both parties of the joint venture agree to set up _____________joint venture limited liability company(hereinafter referred to as the

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joint venture company).Article 3

The name of the joint venture company is __________Limited Liability Company.The name in foreign language is __________.The legal address of the joint venture company is at __________street ___________(city)___________ province.Article 4

All activities of the joint venture company shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of the People s Republic of China.Article 5

The Organization form of the joint venture company is a limited liability company.Each party to the joint venture company is liable to the joint venture company within the limit of the capital subscribed by it.The profits, risks and losses of the joint venture company shall be shared by the parties in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.Chapter 4 The Purpose, Scope and Scale of Production and Business

Article 6

The goals of the parties to the joint venture are to enhance economic co-operation technical exchanges, to improve the product quality, develop new products, and gain a competitive position in the world market in quality and price by adopting advanced and appropriate technology and scientific management methods, so as to raise economic results and ensure satisfactory economic benefits for each investor.(Note: This article shall be written according to the specific situations in the contract).Article 7

The productive and business scope of the joint venture company is to produce __________ products;provide

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maintenance service after the sale of the products;study and develop new products.(Note: It shall be written in the contract according to the specific conditions).Article 8

The production scale of the joint venture company is as follows:

1.The production capacity after the joint venture is put into operation is __________.2.The production scale may be increased up to ____________ with the development of the production and operation.The product varieties may be developed into ___________.(Note: It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 5 Total Amount of Investment and the Registered Capital

Article 9

The total amount of investment of the joint venture company is RMB ___________(or a foreign currency agreed upon by both parties).Article 10

Investment contributed by the parties is Renminbi __________, which will be the registered capital of the joint venture company.Of which: Party A shall pay ____________ Yuan, accounting for __________%;Party B shall pay ___________Yuan, accounting for __________%.Article 11

Both Party A and Party B will contribute the following as their investment:

Party A: cash __________Yuan machines and equipment __________Yuan premises __________Yuan the right to the use of the site __________Yuan industrial property __________Yuan others __________ Yuan, __________ Yuan in all.Party B: cash __________Yuan machines and equipment __________Yuan industrial property __________Yuan others __________Yuan, __________Yuan in all.深圳培训网

(Note: When contributing capital goods or industrial property as investment, Party A and Party B shall conclude a separate contract to be a part of this main contract).Article 12

The registered capital of the joint venture company shall be paid in ___________ installments by Party A and Party B according to their respective proportion of their investment.Each installment shall be as follows:

(Note: it shall be written according to the concrete conditions).Article 13

In case any party to the joint venture intends to assign all or part of his investment subscribed to a third party, consent shall be obtained from the other party to the joint venture, and approval from the examination and approval authority is required.When one party to the joint venture assigns all or part of his investment, the other party has preemptive right.Chapter 6 Responsibilities of Each Party to the Joint Venture

Article 14

Party A and Party B shall be respectively responsible for the following matters:

Responsibilities of Party A: Handling of applications for approval, registration, business license and other matters concerning the establishment of the joint venture company from relevant departments in charge of China;Processing the application for the right to the use of a site to the authority in charge of the land;Organizing the design and construction of the premises and other engineering facilities of the joint venture company;Providing cash, machinery and equipment and premises...in accordance with the provisions of Article 11;Assisting Party B to process import customs declaration for the machinery and equipment contributed by Party B as investment and arranging the transportation within the Chinese territory;Assisting the joint venture company in purchasing or leasing equipment, materials, raw materials, articles for office use, means of transportation and communication facilities etc.;Assisting the joint venture company in contacting and settling the fundamental facilities such as water, electricity, transportation etc.;Assisting the joint venture in recruiting Chinese management personnel, technical personnel, workers and other personnel needed;Assisting foreign workers and staff in applying for entry visas, work licenses and handling their travel procedures;Responsible for handling

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other matters entrusted by the joint venture company.Responsibilities of Party B: Providing cash, machinery and equipment, industrial property...in accordance with the provisions of Article 11, and responsible for shipping capital goods such as machinery and equipment etc.contributed as investment to a Chinese port;Handling the matters entrusted by the joint venture company, such as selecting and purchasing machinery and equipment outside China, etc.;Providing necessary technical personnel for installing, testing and trial production of the equipment as well as the technical personnel for production and inspecting;Training the technical personnel and workers of the joint venture company;In case Party B is the licensor, it shall be responsible for the stable production of qualified products of the joint venture company in the light of design capacity within the specified period;Responsible for other matters entrusted by the joint venture company.(note: It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 7 Transfer of Technology

Article 15

Both Party A and Party B agree that a technology transfer agreement shall be signed between the joint venture company and Party B(or a third party)so as to obtain advanced production technology needed for realizing the production and operation purpose and the production scale specified in Chapter 4 of the contract, including product design, manufacturing technology, means of testing, materials prescription, standard of quality and the training of personnel etc.(Note: It shall be written in the contract according to the concrete conditions).Article 16

Party B offers the following guarantees on the transfer of technology:

(Note: Article applies only when Party B is responsible for transferring technology to the joint venture company).1.Party B guarantees that the overall technology such as the designing, manufacturing technology, technological process, tests and inspection of products(Note: The name of the products shall be written)provided to the joint

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venture company must be integrated, precise and reliable.It is to meet the requirement of the joint venture s operation purpose, and be able to obtain the standard of production quality and production capacity specified in the contract;

2.Party B guarantees that the technology specified in this contract and the technology transfer agreement shall be fully transferred to the joint venture company, and pledges that the provided technology should be truly advanced among the same type of technology produced by Party B, the model, specification and quality of the equipment are excellent and it is to meet the requirement of technological operation and practical usage;

3.Party B shall work out a detailed list of the provided technology and technological service at various stages as specified in the technology transfer agreement to be an appendix to the contract, and guarantee its performance;

4.The drawings, technological conditions and other detailed information are part of the transferred technology and shall be provided on time;

5.During the term of the technology transfer agreement, Party B shall provide the joint venture company with any improvements in the technology and the improved information and technological materials in time, and shall not charge separate fees;

6.Party B shall guarantee that the technical personnel and the workers in the joint venture company can master all the technology transferred within the period specified in the technology transfer agreement.Article 17

In case Party B fails to provide equipment and technology in accordance with the provisions of this contract and the technology transfer agreement or in case any deceiving or concealing actions are found, Party B shall be responsible for compensating the direct losses to the joint venture company.Article 18

The technology transfer fee shall be paid in royalties.The royalty rate shall be ___________% of the net sales value of the products.The term for royalty payment is the same as the term for the technology transfer agreement specified in Article 19 of this contract.Article 19

The term for the technology transfer agreement signed by the joint venture company and Party B is ___________

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years.After the expiration of the technology transfer agreement, the joint venture company shall have the right to use, research and develop the imported technology continuously.(Note: The term for a technology transfer agreement is generally no longer than 10 years, and it shall be approved by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation or other examination and approval authorities entrusted by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation).Chapter 8 Selling of Products

Article 20

The products of joint venture company will be sold both on the Chinese and the overseas market, the export portion accounts for __________%, __________% for the domestic market.(Note: An annual percentage and amount for outside and domestic selling will be written out according to practical situations, in normal conditions, the amount for export shall at least meet the needs of foreign exchange expenses of the joint venture company).Article 21

Products may be sold on overseas markets through the following channels: The joint venture company may directly sell its products on the international market, accounting for ___________%.The joint venture company may sign sales contracts with Chinese foreign trade companies, entrusting them to be the sales agencies or exclusive sales agencies, accounting for __________%.The joint venture company may entrust Party B to sell its products, accounting for ______________%.Article 22

The joint venture s products to be sold in China may be handled by the Chinese materials and commercial departments by means of agency or exclusive sales, or may be sold by the joint venture company directly.Article 23

In order to provide maintenance service to the products sold both in China or abroad, the joint venture company may set up sales branches for maintenance service both in China or abroad subject to the approval of the relevant

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Chinese department.Article 24

The trade mark of the joint venture s products is __________.Chapter 9 The Board of Directors

Article 25

The date of registration of the joint venture company shall be the date of the establishment of the board of directors of the joint venture company.Article 26

The board of directors is composed of __________directors, of which ___________shall be appointed by Party A, _________by Party B.The chairman of the board shall be appointed by Party A, and its vice-chairman by Party B.The term of office for the directors, chairman and vice-chairman is four years, their term of office may be renewed if continuously appointed by the relevant party.Article 27

The highest authority of the joint venture company shall be its board of directors.It shall decide all major issues(Note: The main contents shall be listed in the light of Article 36 of the Implementing Regulations for the Joint Venture Law)concerning the joint venture company.Unanimous approval shall be required for any decisions concerning major issues.As for other matters, approval by majority or a simple majority shall be required.(Note: It shall be explicitly set out in the contract).Article 28

The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture company.Should the chairman be unable to exercise his responsibilities for any reason, he shall authorize the vice-chairman or any other directors to represent the joint venture company temporarily.Article 29

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The board of directors shall convene at least one meeting every year.The meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board.The chairman may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by more than one third of the total number of directors.Minutes of the meetings shall be placed on file.Chapter 10 Business Management Office

Article 30

The joint venture company shall establish a management office which shall be responsible for its daily management.The management office shall have a general manager, appointed by Party _______, _______ deputy general managers, _______by Party ______;_______by Party ________.The general manager and deputy general managers whose terms of office is ________ years shall be appointed by the board of directors.Article 31

The responsibility of the general manager is to carry out the decisions of the board and organize and conduct the daily management of the joint venture company.The deputy general managers shall assist the general manager in his work.Several department managers may be appointed by the management office, they shall be responsible for the work in various departments respectively, handle the matters handed over by the general manager and deputy general managers and shall be responsible to them.Article 32

In case of graft or serious dereliction of duty on the part of the general manager and deputy general managers, the board of directors shall have the power to dismiss them at any time.Chapter 11 Purchase of Equipment

Article 33

In its purchase of required raw materials, fuel, parts, means of transportation and articles for office use, etc., the joint venture company shall give first priority to purchase in China where conditions are the same.深圳培训网

Article 34

In case the joint venture company entrusts Party B to purchase equipment on the overseas market, persons appointed by the Party A shall be invited to take part in the purchasing.Chapter 12 Preparation and Construction

Article 35

During the period of preparation and construction, a preparation and construction office shall be set up under the board of directors.The preparation and construction office shall consist of _________ persons, among which ________ persons will be from Party A, _______ persons from Party B.The preparation and construction office shall have one manager recommended by Party _________, and one deputy manager by Party ________.The manager and deputy manager shall be appointed by the board of directors.Article 36

The preparation and construction office is responsible for the following concrete works: examining the designs of the project, signing the project construction contract, organizing the purchase and inspection of related equipment, materials, etc., working out the general schedule of project construction, compiling the expenditure plans, controlling project financial payments and final accounts of the project, drawing up managerial methods and keeping and filing documents, drawings, files and materials, etc., during the construction period of the project.Article 37

A technical group with several technical personnel appointed by Party A and Party B shall be organized.The group, under the leadership of the preparation and construction office, is in charge of the examination, supervision, inspection, testing, checking and accepting, and performance checking of the project design, the quality of the project, the equipment and materials and the imported technology.Article 38

After approval by both parties, the establishment, remuneration and the expenses of the staff of the preparation and construction office shall be covered in the project budget.Article 39 After having completed the project and

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finished the turning over procedures, the preparation and construction office shall be dissolved upon the approval of the board of directors.Chapter 13 Labor Management

Article 40

Labor contract covering the recruitment, employment, dismissal and resignation, wages, labor insurance, welfare, rewards, penalties and other matters concerning the staff and workers of the joint venture company shall be drawn up between the joint venture company and the trade union of the joint venture company as a whole, or the individual employees in the joint venture company as a whole or individual employees in accordance with the Regulations of the People s Republic of China on Labor Management in Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment and its Implementing Rules.The labor contracts shall, after being signed, be filed with the local labor management department.Article 41

The appointment of high-ranking administrative personnel recommended by both parties, their salaries, social insurance, welfare and the standard of travelling expenses etc.shall be decided by the meeting of the board of directors.Chapter 14 Taxes, Finance and Audit

Article 42

The joint venture company shall pay taxes in accordance with the provisions of Chinese laws and other relative regulations.Article 43

Staff members and workers of the joint venture company shall pay individual income tax according to the

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Individual Income Tax Law of the People s Republic of China.Article 44

Allocations for reserve funds, expansion funds of the joint venture company and welfare funds and bonuses for staff and workers shall be set aside in accordance with the provisions of the Joint Venture Law.The annual proportion of allocations shall be decided by the board of directors according to the business situation of the joint venture company.Article 45

The fiscal year of the joint venture company shall be from January 1 to December 31.All vouchers, receipts, statistic statements and reports shall be written in Chinese.(Note: A foreign language can be used concurrently with mutual consent).Article 46

Financial checking and examination of the joint venture company shall be conducted by an auditor registered in China and reports shall be submitted to the board of directors and the general manager.In case Party B considers it necessary to employ a foreign auditor registered in another country to undertake annual financial checking and examination, Party A shall give its consent.All the expenses thereof shall be borne by Party B.Article 47

In the first three months of each fiscal year, the manager shall prepare the previous year s balance sheet, profit and loss statement and proposal regarding the disposal of profits, and submit them to the board of directors for examination and approval.Chapter 15 Duration of the Joint Venture

Article 48

The duration of the joint venture company is ___________ years.The establishment date of the joint venture company shall be the date on which the business license of the joint venture company is issued.An application

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for the extension of the duration, proposed by one party and unanimously approved by the board of directors, shall be submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation(or the examination and approval authority entrusted by it)six months prior to the expiry date of the joint venture.Chapter 16 The Disposal of Assets after the Expiration of the Duration

Article 49

Upon the expiration of the duration, or termination before the date of expiration of the joint venture, liquidation shall be carried out according to the relevant laws.The liquidated assets shall be distributed in accordance with the proportion of investment contributed by Party A and Party B.Chapter 17 Insurance

Article 50

Insurance policies of the joint venture company on various kinds of risks shall be underwritten with the People s Republic of China.Types, value and duration of insurance shall be decided by the board of directors in accordance with the provisions of the People s Insurance Company of China.Chapter 18 The Amendment, Alteration and Termination of the Con-tract

Article 51

The amendment of the contract or other appendices shall come into force only after a written agreement has been signed by Party A and Party B and approved by the original examination and approval authority.Article 52

In case of inability to fulfil the contract or to continue operation due to heavy losses in successive years as a result of force majeure, the duration of the joint venture and the contract shall be terminated before the time of expiration after being unanimously agreed upon by the board of directors and approved by the original examination and approval authority.Article 53

Should the joint venture company be unable to continue its operation or achieve its business purpose due to the fact that one of the contracting parties fails to fulfil the obligations prescribed by the contract and articles of

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association, or seriously violates the provisions of the contract and articles of association, that party shall be deemed to have unilaterally terminated the contract.The other party shall have the right to terminate the contract in accordance with the provisions of the contract after approval by the original examination and approval authority, and to claim damages.In case Party A and Party B of the joint venture company agree to continue the operation, the party who fails to fulfil its obligations shall be liable for the economic losses caused thereby to the joint venture company.Chapter 19 Liability for Breach of Contract

Article 54

should either Party A or Party B fail to pay on schedule the contributions in accordance with the provisions defined in Chapter 5 of this contract, the party in breach shall pay to the other party _________% of the contribution starting from the first month after exceeding the time limit.Should the party in breach fail to pay after 3 months, __________% of the contribution shall be paid to the other party, who shall have the right to terminate the contract and to claim damages from the party in breach in accordance with the provisions of Article 53 of the contract.Article 55

Should all or part of the contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the party in breach shall bear the liability therefor.Should it be the fault of both parties, they shall bear their respective liabilities according to the actual situation.Article 56

In order to guarantee the performance of the contract and its appendices, both Party A and Party B shall provide each other with bank guarantees for performance of the contract.Chapter 20 Force Majeure

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Article 57

Should either of the parties to the contract be prevented from executing the contract by force majeure, such as earthquake, typhoon, flood, fire, war or other unforeseen events, and their occurrence and consequences are unpreventable and unavoidable, the prevented party shall notify the other party by telegram without any delay, and within 15 days thereafter provide detailed information of the events and a valid document for evidence issued by the relevant public notary organization explaining the reason of its inability to execute or delay the execution of all or part of the contract.Both parties shall, through consultations, decide whether to terminate the contract or to exempt part of the obligations for implementation of the contract or whether to delay the execution of the contract according to the effects of the events on the performance of the contract.Chapter 21 Applicable Law

Article 58

The formation, validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of disputes in respect of, this contract shall be governed by the relevant laws of the People s Republic of China.Chapter 22 Settlement of Disputes

Article 59

Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with, the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be reached through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted to the Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for arbitration in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.Or Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be reached through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted to __________Arbitration Organization in __________for arbitration in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.Or Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be settled through consultations, the disputes shall

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be submitted for arbitration.Arbitration shall take place in the defendant s country.If in China, arbitration shall be conducted by the Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in accordance with its rules of procedure.If in ___________, the arbitration shall be conducted by ___________in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.(Note: When formulating contracts, only one of the above-mentioned provisions can be used).Article 60

During the arbitration, the contract shall be observed and enforced by both parties except for the matters in dispute.Chapter 23 Language

Article 61

The contract shall be written in Chinese and in ___________.Both language versions are equally authentic.In the event of any discrepancy between the two aforementioned versions, the Chinese version shall prevail.Chapter 24 Effectiveness of the Contract and Miscellaneous

Article 62

The appendices drawn up in accordance with the principles of this contract are integral parts of this contract, including: the project agreement, the technology transfer agreement, the sales agreement etc.Article 63

The contract and its appendices shall come into force commencing from the date of approval of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People s Republic of China(or its entrusted examination and approval authority).深圳培训网

Article 64

Should notices in connection with any party s rights and obligations be sent by either Party A or Party B by telegram or telex, etc., the written letter notices shall be also required afterwards.The legal addresses of Party A and Party B listed in this contract shall be the posting addresses.Article 65

The contract is signed in ___________, China by the authorized representatives of both parties on __________, __________.For Party A

For Party B

(Signature)

特许经营合同中英第2篇

THE CONTRACT FOR SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE Whole Doc.Chapter 1 General Provisions In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment(the “Joint Venture Law”)and other relevant Chinese laws and regulations, __________Company and ___________ Company, in accordance with the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly consultations, agree to jointly invest to set up a joint venture enterprise in ________of the People’s Republic of China.Chapter 2 Parties of the Joint Venture Article 1 Parties to this contract are as follows: ___________Company(hereinafter referred to as Party A), registered with __________ in China, and its legal address is at ___________(street)__________(district)___________(city)___________China.Legal representative: Name: Position: Nationality: __________Company(hereinafter referred to as Party B), registered with __________.Its legal address at ___________.Legal representative: Name: Position: Nationality:(Note: In case there are more than two investors, they will be called Party C,D...in proper order).Chapter 3 Establishment of the Joint Venture Company Article 2 In accordance with the Joint Venture Law and other relevant Chinese laws and regulations, both parties of the joint venture agree to set up _____________joint venture limited liability company(hereinafter referred to as the joint venture company).Article 3 The name of the joint venture company is __________Limited Liability Company.The name in foreign language is __________.The legal address of the joint venture company is at __________street __________(city)___________ province.Article 4 All activities of the joint venture company shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of the People’s Republic of China.Article 5 The Organization form of the joint venture company is a limited liability company.Each party to the joint venture company is liable to the joint venture company within the limit of the capital subscribed by it.The profits, risks and losses of the joint venture company shall be shared by the parties in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.Chapter 4 The Purpose, Scope and Scale of Production and Business Article 6 The goals of the parties to the joint venture are to enhance economic co-operation technical exchanges, to improve the product quality, develop new products, and gain a competitive position in the world market in quality and price by adopting advanced and appropriate technology and scientific management methods, so as to raise economic results and ensure satisfactory economic benefits for each investor.(Note: This article shall be written according to the specific situations in the contract).Article 7 The productive and business scope of the joint venture company is to produce __________ products;provide maintenance service after the sale of the products;study and develop new products.(Note: It shall be written in the contract according to the specific conditions).Article 8 The production scale of the joint venture company is as follows: 1.The production capacity after the joint venture is put into operation is __________.2.The production scale may be increased up to ____________ with the development of the production and operation.The product varieties may be developed into ___________.(Note: It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 5 Total Amount of Investment and the Registered Capital Article 9 The total amount of investment of the joint venture company is RMB ___________(or a foreign currency agreed upon by both parties).Article 10 Investment contributed by the parties is Renminbi __________, which will be the registered capital of the joint venture company.Of which: Party A shall pay ____________ Yuan, accounting for __________%;Party B shall pay ___________Yuan, accounting for __________%.Article 11 Both Party A and Party B will contribute the following as their investment: Party A: cash __________Yuan machines and equipment __________Yuan premises __________Yuan the right to the use of the site __________Yuan industrial property __________Yuan others __________ Yuan, __________ Yuan in all.Party B: cash __________Yuan machines and equipment __________Yuan industrial property __________Yuan others __________Yuan, __________Yuan in all.(Note: When contributing capital goods or industrial property as investment, Party A and Party B shall conclude a separate contract to be a part of this main contract).Article 12 The registered capital of the joint venture company shall be paid in ___________ installments by Party A and Party B according to their respective proportion of their investment.Each installment shall be as follows:(Note: it shall be written according to the concrete conditions).Article 13 In case any party to the joint venture intends to assign all or part of his investment subscribed to a third party, consent shall be obtained from the other party to the joint venture, and approval from the examination and approval authority is required.When one party to the joint venture assigns all or part of his investment, the other party has preemptive right.Chapter 6 Responsibilities of Each Party to the Joint Venture Article 14 Party A and Party B shall be respectively responsible for the following matters: Responsibilities of Party A: Handling of applications for approval, registration, business license and other matters concerning the establishment of the joint venture company from relevant departments in charge of China;Processing the application for the right to the use of a site to the authority in charge of the land;Organizing the design and construction of the premises and other engineering facilities of the joint venture company;Providing cash, machinery and equipment and premises...in accordance with the provisions of Article 11;Assisting Party B to process import customs declaration for the machinery and equipment contributed by Party B as investment and arranging the transportation within the Chinese territory;Assisting the joint venture company in purchasing or leasing equipment, materials, raw materials, articles for office use, means of transportation and communication facilities etc.;Assisting the joint venture company in contacting and settling the fundamental facilities such as water, electricity, transportation etc.;Assisting the joint venture in recruiting Chinese management personnel, technical personnel, workers and other personnel needed;Assisting foreign workers and staff in applying for entry visas, work licenses and handling their travel procedures;Responsible for handling other matters entrusted by the joint venture company.Responsibilities of Party B: Providing cash, machinery and equipment, industrial property...in accordance with the provisions of Article 11, and responsible for shipping capital goods such as machinery and equipment etc.contributed as investment to a Chinese port;Handling the matters entrusted by the joint venture company, such as selecting and purchasing machinery and equipment outside China, etc.;Providing necessary technical personnel for installing, testing and trial production of the equipment as well as the technical personnel for production and inspecting;Training the technical personnel and workers of the joint venture company;In case Party B is the licensor, it shall be responsible for the stable production of qualified products of the joint venture company in the light of design capacity within the specified period;Responsible for other matters entrusted by the joint venture company.(note: It shall be written according to the specific situation).Chapter 7 Transfer of Technology Article 15 Both Party A and Party B agree that a technology transfer agreement shall be signed between the joint venture company and Party B(or a third party)so as to obtain advanced production technology needed for realizing the production and operation purpose and the production scale specified in Chapter 4 of the contract, including product design, manufacturing technology, means of testing, materials prescription, standard of quality and the training of personnel etc.(Note: It shall be written in the contract according to the concrete conditions).Article 16 Party B offers the following guarantees on the transfer of technology:(Note: Article applies only when Party B is responsible for transferring technology to the joint venture company).1.Party B guarantees that the overall technology such as the designing, manufacturing technology, technological process, tests and inspection of products(Note: The name of the products shall be written)provided to the joint venture company must be integrated, precise and reliable.It is to meet the requirement of the joint venture’s operation purpose, and be able to obtain the standard of production quality and production capacity specified in the contract;2.Party B guarantees that the technology specified in this contract and the technology transfer agreement shall be fully transferred to the joint venture company, and pledges that the provided technology should be truly advanced among the same type of technology produced by Party B, the model, specification and quality of the equipment are excellent and it is to meet the requirement of technological operation and practical usage;3.Party B shall work out a detailed list of the provided technology and technological service at various stages as specified in the technology transfer agreement to be an appendix to the contract, and guarantee its performance;4.The drawings, technological conditions and other detailed information are part of the transferred technology and shall be provided on time;5.During the term of the technology transfer agreement, Party B shall provide the joint venture company with any improvements in the technology and the improved information and technological materials in time, and shall not charge separate fees;6.Party B shall guarantee that the technical personnel and the workers in the joint venture company can master all the technology transferred within the period specified in the technology transfer agreement.Article 17 In case Party B fails to provide equipment and technology in accordance with the provisions of this contract and the technology transfer agreement or in case any deceiving or concealing actions are found, Party B shall be responsible for compensating the direct losses to the joint venture company.Article 18 The technology transfer fee shall be paid in royalties.The royalty rate shall be ___________% of the net sales value of the products.The term for royalty payment is the same as the term for the technology transfer agreement specified in Article 19 of this contract.Article 19 The term for the technology transfer agreement signed by the joint venture company and Party B is ___________ years.After the expiration of the technology transfer agreement, the joint venture company shall have the right to use, research and develop the imported technology continuously.(Note: The term for a technology transfer agreement is generally no longer than 10 years, and it shall be approved by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation or other examination and approval authorities entrusted by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation).Chapter 8 Selling of Products Article 20 The products of joint venture company will be sold both on the Chinese and the overseas market, the export portion accounts for __________%, __________% for the domestic market.(Note: An annual percentage and amount for outside and domestic selling will be written out according to practical situations, in normal conditions, the amount for export shall at least meet the needs of foreign exchange expenses of the joint venture company).Article 21 Products may be sold on overseas markets through the following channels: The joint venture company may directly sell its products on the international market, accounting for ___________%.The joint venture company may sign sales contracts with Chinese foreign trade companies, entrusting them to be the sales agencies or exclusive sales agencies, accounting for __________%.The joint venture company may entrust Party B to sell its products, accounting for ______________%.Article 22 The joint venture’s products to be sold in China may be handled by the Chinese materials and commercial departments by means of agency or exclusive sales, or may be sold by the joint venture company directly.Article 23 In order to provide maintenance service to the products sold both in China or abroad, the joint venture company may set up sales branches for maintenance service both in China or abroad subject to the approval of the relevant Chinese department.Article 24 The trade mark of the joint venture’s products is __________.Chapter 9 The Board of Directors Article 25 The date of registration of the joint venture company shall be the date of the establishment of the board of directors of the joint venture company.Article 26 The board of directors is composed of __________directors, of which ___________shall be appointed by Party A, _________by Party B.The chairman of the board shall be appointed by Party A, and its vice-chairman by Party B.The term of office for the directors, chairman and vice-chairman is four years, their term of office may be renewed if continuously appointed by the relevant party.Article 27 The highest authority of the joint venture company shall be its board of directors.It shall decide all major issues(Note: The main contents shall be listed in the light of Article 36 of the Implementing Regulations for the Joint Venture Law)concerning the joint venture company.Unanimous approval shall be required for any decisions concerning major issues.As for other matters, approval by majority or a simple majority shall be required.(Note: It shall be explicitly set out in the contract).Article 28 The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture company.Should the chairman be unable to exercise his responsibilities for any reason, he shall authorize the vice-chairman or any other directors to represent the joint venture company temporarily.Article 29 The board of directors shall convene at least one meeting every year.The meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board.The chairman may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by more than one third of the total number of directors.Minutes of the meetings shall be placed on file.Chapter 10 Business Management Office Article 30 The joint venture company shall establish a management office which shall be responsible for its daily management.The management office shall have a general manager, appointed by Party _______, _______ deputy general managers, _______by Party ______;_______by Party ________.The general manager and deputy general managers whose terms of office is ________ years shall be appointed by the board of directors.Article 31 The responsibility of the general manager is to carry out the decisions of the board and organize and conduct the daily management of the joint venture company.The deputy general managers shall assist the general manager in his work.Several department managers may be appointed by the management office, they shall be responsible for the work in various departments respectively, handle the matters handed over by the general manager and deputy general managers and shall be responsible to them.Article 32 In case of graft or serious dereliction of duty on the part of the general manager and deputy general managers, the board of directors shall have the power to dismiss them at any time.Chapter 11 Purchase of Equipment Article 33 In its purchase of required raw materials, fuel, parts, means of transportation and articles for office use, etc., the joint venture company shall give first priority to purchase in China where conditions are the same.Article 34 In case the joint venture company entrusts Party B to purchase equipment on the overseas market, persons appointed by the Party A shall be invited to take part in the purchasing.Chapter 12 Preparation and Construction Article 35 During the period of preparation and construction, a preparation and construction office shall be set up under the board of directors.The preparation and construction office shall consist of _________ persons, among which ________ persons will be from Party A, _______ persons from Party B.The preparation and construction office shall have one manager recommended by Party _________, and one deputy manager by Party ________.The manager and deputy manager shall be appointed by the board of directors.Article 36 The preparation and construction office is responsible for the following concrete works: examining the designs of the project, signing the project construction contract, organizing the purchase and inspection of related equipment, materials, etc., working out the general schedule of project construction, compiling the expenditure plans, controlling project financial payments and final accounts of the project, drawing up managerial methods and keeping and filing documents, drawings, files and materials, etc., during the construction period of the project.Article 37 A technical group with several technical personnel appointed by Party A and Party B shall be organized.The group, under the leadership of the preparation and construction office, is in charge of the examination, supervision, inspection, testing, checking and accepting, and performance checking of the project design, the quality of the project, the equipment and materials and the imported technology.Article 38 After approval by both parties, the establishment, remuneration and the expenses of the staff of the preparation and construction office shall be covered in the project budget.Article 39 After having completed the project and finished the turning over procedures, the preparation and construction office shall be dissolved upon the approval of the board of directors.Chapter 13 Labor Management Article 40 Labor contract covering the recruitment, employment, dismissal and resignation, wages, labor insurance, welfare, rewards, penalties and other matters concerning the staff and workers of the joint venture company shall be drawn up between the joint venture company and the trade union of the joint venture company as a whole, or the individual employees in the joint venture company as a whole or individual employees in accordance with the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Labor Management in Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment and its Implementing Rules.The labor contracts shall, after being signed, be filed with the local labor management department.Article 41 The appointment of high-ranking administrative personnel recommended by both parties, their salaries, social insurance, welfare and the standard of travelling expenses etc.shall be decided by the meeting of the board of directors.Chapter 14 Taxes, Finance and Audit Article 42 The joint venture company shall pay taxes in accordance with the provisions of Chinese laws and other relative regulations.Article 43 Staff members and workers of the joint venture company shall pay individual income tax according to the Individual Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China.Article 44 Allocations for reserve funds, expansion funds of the joint venture company and welfare funds and bonuses for staff and workers shall be set aside in accordance with the provisions of the Joint Venture Law.The annual proportion of allocations shall be decided by the board of directors according to the business situation of the joint venture company.Article 45 The fiscal year of the joint venture company shall be from January 1 to December 31.All vouchers, receipts, statistic statements and reports shall be written in Chinese.(Note: A foreign language can be used concurrently with mutual consent).Article 46 Financial checking and examination of the joint venture company shall be conducted by an auditor registered in China and reports shall be submitted to the board of directors and the general manager.In case Party B considers it necessary to employ a foreign auditor registered in another country to undertake annual financial checking and examination, Party A shall give its consent.All the expenses thereof shall be borne by Party B.Article 47 In the first three months of each fiscal year, the manager shall prepare the previous year’s balance sheet, profit and loss statement and proposal regarding the disposal of profits, and submit them to the board of directors for examination and approval.Chapter 15 Duration of the Joint Venture Article 48 The duration of the joint venture company is ___________ years.The establishment date of the joint venture company shall be the date on which the business license of the joint venture company is issued.An application for the extension of the duration, proposed by one party and unanimously approved by the board of directors, shall be submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation(or the examination and approval authority entrusted by it)six months prior to the expiry date of the joint venture.Chapter 16 The Disposal of Assets after the Expiration of the Duration Article 49 Upon the expiration of the duration, or termination before the date of expiration of the joint venture, liquidation shall be carried out according to the relevant laws.The liquidated assets shall be distributed in accordance with the proportion of investment contributed by Party A and Party B.Chapter 17 Insurance Article 50 Insurance policies of the joint venture company on various kinds of risks shall be underwritten with the People’s Republic of China.Types, value and duration of insurance shall be decided by the board of directors in accordance with the provisions of the People’s Insurance Company of China.Chapter 18 The Amendment, Alteration and Termination of the Con-tract Article 51 The amendment of the contract or other appendices shall come into force only after a written agreement has been signed by Party A and Party B and approved by the original examination and approval authority.Article 52 In case of inability to fulfil the contract or to continue operation due to heavy losses in successive years as a result of force majeure, the duration of the joint venture and the contract shall be terminated before the time of expiration after being unanimously agreed upon by the board of directors and approved by the original examination and approval authority.Article 53 Should the joint venture company be unable to continue its operation or achieve its business purpose due to the fact that one of the contracting parties fails to fulfil the obligations prescribed by the contract and articles of association, or seriously violates the provisions of the contract and articles of association, that party shall be deemed to have unilaterally terminated the contract.The other party shall have the right to terminate the contract in accordance with the provisions of the contract after approval by the original examination and approval authority, and to claim damages.In case Party A and Party B of the joint venture company agree to continue the operation, the party who fails to fulfil its obligations shall be liable for the economic losses caused thereby to the joint venture company.Chapter 19 Liability for Breach of Contract Article 54 should either Party A or Party B fail to pay on schedule the contributions in accordance with the provisions defined in Chapter 5 of this contract, the party in breach shall pay to the other party _________% of the contribution starting from the first month after exceeding the time limit.Should the party in breach fail to pay after 3 months, __________% of the contribution shall be paid to the other party, who shall have the right to terminate the contract and to claim damages from the party in breach in accordance with the provisions of Article 53 of the contract.Article 55 Should all or part of the contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the party in breach shall bear the liability therefor.Should it be the fault of both parties, they shall bear their respective liabilities according to the actual situation.Article 56 In order to guarantee the performance of the contract and its appendices, both Party A and Party B shall provide each other with bank guarantees for performance of the contract.Chapter 20 Force Majeure Article 57 Should either of the parties to the contract be prevented from executing the contract by force majeure, such as earthquake, typhoon, flood, fire, war or other unforeseen events, and their occurrence and consequences are unpreventable and unavoidable, the prevented party shall notify the other party by telegram without any delay, and within 15 days thereafter provide detailed information of the events and a valid document for evidence issued by the relevant public notary organization explaining the reason of its inability to execute or delay the execution of all or part of the contract.Both parties shall, through consultations, decide whether to terminate the contract or to exempt part of the obligations for implementation of the contract or whether to delay the execution of the contract according to the effects of the events on the performance of the contract.Chapter 21 Applicable Law Article 58 The formation, validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of disputes in respect of, this contract shall be governed by the relevant laws of the People’s Republic of China.Chapter 22 Settlement of Disputes Article 59 Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with, the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be reached through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted to the Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for arbitration in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.Or Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be reached through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted to __________Arbitration Organization in __________for arbitration in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.Or Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with the contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both parties.In case no settlement can be settled through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted for arbitration.Arbitration shall take place in the defendant’s country.If in China, arbitration shall be conducted by the Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in accordance with its rules of procedure.If in ___________, the arbitration shall be conducted by ___________in accordance with its rules of procedure.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.(Note: When formulating contracts, only one of the above-mentioned provisions can be used).Article 60 During the arbitration, the contract shall be observed and enforced by both parties except for the matters in dispute.Chapter 23 Language Article 61 The contract shall be written in Chinese and in ___________.Both language versions are equally authentic.In the event of any discrepancy between the two aforementioned versions, the Chinese version shall prevail.Chapter 24 Effectiveness of the Contract and Miscellaneous Article 62 The appendices drawn up in accordance with the principles of this contract are integral parts of this contract, including: the project agreement, the technology transfer agreement, the sales agreement etc.Article 63 The contract and its appendices shall come into force commencing from the date of approval of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People’s Republic of China(or its entrusted examination and approval authority).Article 64

Should notices in connection with any party’s rights and obligations be sent by either Party A or Party B by telegram or telex, etc., the written letter notices shall be also required afterwards.The legal addresses of Party A and Party B listed in this contract shall be the posting addresses.Article 65

The contract is signed in ___________, China by the authorized representatives of both parties on __________, __________.For Party A For Party B(Signature)(Signature)中外合资经营合同格式第一章总则

中国＿＿＿＿＿公司和＿＿＿＿＿国＿＿＿＿＿公司，根据《中华人民共和国中外合资

经营企业法》和中国的其它有关法律法规，本着平等互利的原则，通过友好协商，同意在中

华人民共和国共同投资举办合资经营企业，特订立本合同。第二章合资双方

第一条合资合同双方合同双方如下：１．１．“中国＿＿＿＿＿公司”（以下简称甲方）是一个按中华人民共和国（以下简称“中国”）法律组织和存在的企业法人，在中国注册，持有编号为＿＿＿＿＿的营业执照。

法定地址：法人代表：

１．２．“＿＿＿＿＿公司”（以下简称乙方）是一个按＿＿＿＿＿国法律组织和存在的企业法人，在＿＿＿＿＿注册，持有编号为＿＿＿＿＿的营业执照。法定地址：法人代表：１．３．各方均表明自己是按中国法律或＿＿＿＿＿国法律合法成立的有效法人，具有缔结本合资合同并履行本合同义务所需的全部法人权限。第三章合资公司的成立

第二条按照中国的合资企业法和其它有关法律和法规，合同双方同意在中国境内＿＿＿＿＿省＿＿＿＿＿市建立合资公司。

第三条合资公司的中文名称为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿合资公司的英文名称为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿法定地址：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

第四条合资公司为中国法人，受中国的法律、法规和有关规章制度（以下简称“中国法律”）的管辖和保护，在遵守中国法律的前提下，从事其一切活动。第五条合资公司的法律形式为有限责任公司，合资公司的责任以其全部资产为限，双方的责任以各自对注册资本的出资为限。合资公司的利润按双方对注册资本出资的比例由双方分享。

第四章生产和经营的目的范围和规模第六条目的

合资双方希望加强经济合作和技术交流，从事第七条所规定的经营活动，„„（根据具体情况写），为投资双方带来满意的经济利益。第七条合资公司生产和经营范围（略）第八条合资公司生产规模（略）第五章投资总额与注册资本

第九条总投资

合资公司的总投资额为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿人民币。第十条注册资本

合资公司的注册资本为＿＿＿＿＿人民币，其中：甲方＿＿＿＿＿元，占＿＿＿＿＿％；乙方＿＿＿＿＿元，占＿＿＿＿＿％。（如乙方以外币出资，按照缴款当日的中国国家

外汇管理局公布的外汇牌价折算成人民币）第十一条双方将以下列作为出资：１１．１．甲方：现金＿＿＿＿＿元机械设备＿＿＿＿＿元厂房＿＿＿＿＿元

工地使用费＿＿＿＿＿元工业产权＿＿＿＿＿元

其它＿＿＿＿＿元共＿＿＿＿＿元１１．２．乙方：现金＿＿＿＿＿元机械设备＿＿＿＿＿元工业产权＿＿＿＿＿元

其它＿＿＿＿＿元共＿＿＿＿＿元

第十二条合资公司注册资本由甲、乙方按其出资比例分＿＿＿＿＿期缴付，每期缴付的数额如下：（略）第十三条贷款

总投资和注册资本之间的差额向银行贷款。可首先考虑向合资公司所在的国内银行或其它渠道借贷。甲、乙方按在合资公司注册资本的比例各自负责贷款担保。如果合资公司董事会认为，除了第十一条规定的双方投资额和上述贷款外，合资公司的经营需要流动资金和其它资金，双方应按各自在合资公司注册资本的比例为上述借款作担保。

如果不能按上述方式获得借款，董事会将按合同双方各自在合资公司中的资本比例向合同双方另外征集资金。除非合同双方另以书面形式明确表示同意，任何一方都没有义务再增

加注册资本成为第三方借贷给合资公司的款项作担保。但是，如果合资公司的经营、利润状况良好，合同双方原则上同意再适当增加注册资本，即按经营发展状况和稳妥的股本筹措原则使用积累的储备基金。第十四条资本转让

除非得到另一方的同意并经审批机关批准，合同任何一方都不得将其认缴的资本股份全部或部份转让给第三方。如果一方将其认缴的资本股份全部或部分转让给第三方，则另一方具有优先受让的权利，受让的条件不得苛刻于转让给第三方的条件。另一方特此表示，如果自己不行使优先受让权，即为同意上述转让。第十五条抵押和担保

未经董事会一致同意，任何一方都不得将其认缴的资本股份全部或部分用作抵押，也不得用作担保。第六章合资双方的责任

第十六条甲、乙方应各自负责完成以下各项事宜：１６．１甲方责任（根据具体情况写，主要有：）——按第五章规定出资并协助安排资金筹措；

——办理为设立合资公司向中国有关主管部门申请批准、登记注册、领取营业执照等事宜；

——向土地主管部门办理申请取得土地使用权的手续；

——协助合资公司组织合资公司厂房和其它工程设施的设计、施工；

——协助办理乙方作为出资而提供的机械设备的进口报关手续和在中国境内的运输；

——协助合资公司联系落实水、电、交通等基础设施；

——协助合资公司申请所有可能享受的关税和税务减免以及其它利益或优惠待遇；

——协助合资公司招聘中方管理人员、技术人员、工人和所需的其他人员； ——协助外籍工作人员办理所需的入境签证、工作许可证和旅行手续等； ——负责办理合资公司委托的其它事宜。１６．２乙方责任：

——按第五章规定出资并协助安排资金筹措；

——办理合资公司委托在中国境外选购机械设备、材料等有关事宜；

——提供需要的设备安装、调试以及试生产技术人员、生产和检验技术人员； ——培训合资公司的技术人员和工人； ——如乙方同时又是技术转让方，则应负责合资公司在规定期限内按设计能力稳定地生产合格产品；

——负责办理合资公司委托的其它事宜。第七章技术转让

第十七条许可与技术引进协议

合资公司和＿＿公司的“许可与技术引进协议”应与本合同同时草签。第八章商标的使用及产品的销售

第十九条合资公司的产品，在中国境内外市场上销售，外销部分占＿＿＿＿＿％，内销部分占＿＿＿＿＿％。

第二十条合资公司内销产品可由中国物资部门、商业部门包销或代销，或由中国外贸公司包销的占＿＿＿＿＿％。第二十一条产品可由下述渠道向国外销售：由合资公司直接向中国境外销售的占＿＿＿＿＿％。由合资公司与中国外贸公司订立销售合同，委托其代销，或由中国外贸公司包销的占＿＿＿＿＿％。由合资公司委托乙方销售的占＿＿＿＿＿％。

第九章董事会

第二十二条合资公司注册登记之日，为合资公司董事会成立之日。

第二十三条董事会由＿＿＿＿＿名董事组成，其中甲方委派＿＿＿＿＿名，乙方委派＿＿＿＿＿名。董事长由甲方委派，副董事长由乙方委派。董事、董事长和副董事长任期４年，经委派方继续委派可以连任。第二十四条董事会是合资公司的最高权力机构，决定合资公司的一切重大事宜：１．修改合资公司的章程；２．终止或解散合资公司；３．与其它经济组织合并；４．合资公司注册资本的增加；

５．采纳、更改或终止集体劳动合同、职工工资制度和集体福利计划等；６．分红；

７．批准财务报表，„„（略）

第二十五条董事会的所有决议均需全体董事的多数表决方能通过，但第二十四条＿＿＿＿＿款所列事项需全体董事一致同意后方能通过。

第二十六条董事长是合资公司的法定代表。如果董事长不能行使其职责，应书面授权副董事长代理。

第二十七条董事会会议每年至少召开一次，由董事长召集并主持会议。经三分之一以上的董事提议，董事长可召开董事会临时会议。会议纪要归合资公司存档。任何一名董事如不能出席会议，应以书面委托的形式指定一名代理出席会议和行使表决权。如果董事既不出席会议也不委托他人参加会议，应视作弃权。第十章经营管理机构

第二十九条总经理的职责是执行董事会会议的各项决议，组织领导合资公司的日常经营管理工作。副总经理协助总经理工作。

第三十条总经理、副总经理有营私舞弊或严重失职的，经董事会会议决议可随时撤换。

第十一章设备材料的采购

第三十一条合资公司生产中所需要的有关设备、仪器等物资，其采购权归合资公司。

第三十二条合资公司所需原材料、燃料、零部件、运输工具等，在条件相同情况下，尽先在中国购买。第十二章劳动管理

第三十四条外籍职工有关的劳动事务详细规定见附件。第十三章工会

第三十五条工会的任务为：（略）

——保护法律规定的职工的民主权利和物质利益； ——协助合资公司安排和合理使用福利基金； ——参加调解职工与合资公司之间发生的争议；

第三十六条工会代表有权就职工的奖励、处罚、解聘、工资、福利、劳动保护和劳动保险等问题同经营管理机构协商。

第三十七条根据中国法律和法规的有关规定，合资公司应每月依法拨交按公司全部职工实际工资总额的＿＿＿＿＿％作为工会经费。第十四章税务、财务和审计

第三十八条合资公司应按有关的中国法律和法规的规定支付各类税款。第三十九条合资公司职工应按中国的税法支付个人所得税。

第四十一条合资公司的会计与公历年相同，从每年１月１日起至１２月３１日止，一切记帐凭证、单据、报表、帐簿，用中文或双方同意的一种外文书写。第四十二条合资公司的财务帐册应每年一次由一个在中国注册的会计事务所进行审计，费用由合资公司承担。合同各方有权各自承担费用自行指定审计师审计合资公司的帐目。

第四十三条每一营业的头三个月，由总经理组织编制上一的资产负债表，损益计算书和利润分配方案，提交董事会会议审查。第十五章保险

第十六章合资公司的期限及正常终止。

第四十六条合资期满或提前终止合资，应按可适用法律和公司章程所规定的有关条款进行清算。

第十七章合同的修改、变更和终止

第四十七条对合同及其附件所作的任何修改，须经合同双方在书面协议上签字并经原审批机构批准后方能生效。

第四十八条由于不可抗力，致使合同无法履行，或是由于合资公司连年亏损，无力继续经营，经董事会一致通过，并报原审批机构批准，可以提前终止合同。第四十九条由于一方不履行合同、章程规定的义务，或严重违反合同、章程的规定，造成合资公司无法经营或无法达到合同规定的经营目的，视作违约方片面终止合同，对方除有权向违约方索赔外，并有权按合同规定报原审批机构批准终止合同。

第十八章违约责任

第五十一条由于一方违约，造成本合同及其附件不能履行或不能完全履行时，由违约方承担违约责任；如属双方违约，根据实际情况，由双方分别承担各自应负的违约责任。第十九章不可抗力

第二十一章争议的解决第五十四条凡因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决，如果协商不能解决，应提交北京中国国际贸易促进委员会对外经济贸易仲裁委员会根据该会的仲裁程序暂行规则进行仲裁。或，应提交＿＿国＿＿地＿＿仲裁机构根据该仲裁机构的仲裁程序进行仲裁。或，仲裁在被诉人所在国进行。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方都有约束力。

第五十五条在仲裁过程中，除双方有争议正在进行仲裁的部分外，本合同应继续履行。

第二十二章合同文字

第五十六条本合同用中文和＿＿＿＿＿文写成，两种文字具有同等效力。上述两种文本如有不符，以中文本为准。第二十三章合同生效及其它

第五十七条按照本合同规定的各项原则订立的如下附属协议文件，包括：技术转让协议、销售协议„„，均为本合同的组成部分。

第五十八条本合同及其附件，自中华人民共和国审批机构批准之日起生效。第五十九条双方发送通知，如用电报、电传时、凡涉及各方权利、义务的，应随之以书面信件通知。合同中所列双方的法定地址为收件地址。

特许经营合同中英第3篇

1. 英国的保险经纪市场的现状

国际上, 现代保险经纪已有百年历史, 保险经纪在一些保险发达国家是保险营销的一种重要形式。英国的保险经纪人制度起源于海上保险。英国第一家保险经纪公司成立于1906年, 并于1910年被英国政府贸易委员会予以注册。在国际保险市场上, 英国的保险经纪制度影响最大, 保险经纪人的力量最强。据统计, 英国保险市场上有800多家保险公司, 而保险经纪公司就超过3200家, 共有保险经纪人员8万多名。保险经纪公司数量与保险公司数量的比例为4:1, 英国保险市场上60%以上的财险业务是由经纪人带来的, “劳合社”的业务更是必须由保险经纪人来安排。

2. 中国的保险经纪市场的现状

我国近几年经济每年以7%的速度在增长, 居民可支配收入稳定增加, 对投资和保险的需求逐步提高, 这给我国保险业带来了巨大的发展机遇, 我国保费收入稳步快速增长, 但我国保险经纪行业收取的保费仅占保险业保费收入的近1%, 与欧美保险经纪行业的70%以上相比, 差距之大显而易见。我国经纪人市场发展非常缓慢, 机构数量少且规模小, 结构严重失衡。保险经纪公司数量与保险公司数量的比例1:3, 与英国保险经纪公司数量与保险公司数量4:1的比例反差较大, 与我国市场需求很不匹配。

由此可见, 与英国相比, 我国的保险经纪市场发展过慢。原因何在, 我们不妨分析一下两国保险经纪市场的管理经营模式。

二、中英两国的保险经纪市场的管理经营模式对比分析

1. 英国的保险经纪市场的管理经营模式

英国的保险经纪人制度最为完善, 在国际保险市场上影响巨大。英国的法律对保险经纪人的监管最为严格, 适用的法律主要有1977年颁布的《保险经纪人 (注册) 法》、《保险经纪人行为法》、英国保险人协会的《实务法》及《金融服务法》等, 其中对保险经纪人的资格、职业行为、授权范围等有详尽的规定。其主要表现在: (1) 设立专门的监管机构即保险经纪人注册理事会, 颁布了“经营法”, 对保险经纪人的信誉、宣传及服务进行监管。在英国, 只有经过注册理事会注册的个人或法人才能以“保险经纪人”的身份开展业务。 (2) 进行严格的财务管理。《保险经纪人法》规定, 保险经纪人的资产要超过负债1000英镑, 而且要开设独立的“保险经纪人帐户”;保险经纪人每年要向注册理事会提交审计过的帐户及有关证明;执业保险经纪人必须提交一定的保证金, 最低金额为25万英镑, 最高为75万英镑。 (3) 严厉的惩罚条例。注册理事会最严厉也是唯一的处罚办法就是将违法者除名。除名后的公司或个人不得再利用保险经纪人名义从事经纪活动。另外, 在英国, 保险中介人的行业自律较强, 且行业自律组织分工较细。保险经纪人协会不仅配合国家立法机关对保险经纪人的行为进行监督, 还代表保险经纪人参与同政府、其它保险组织及商业机构进行的谈判。

2. 中国的保险经纪市场的管理经营模式

由于我国目前正处于经济体制的转轨阶段, 信用体系建设的各种法律法规不够健全, 加上中国保险经纪行业起步晚, 尤其是近几年来的超常规发展, 保险经纪市场出现了不正当竞争和粗放式的规模扩张, 造成了保险经纪机构发生误导甚至欺诈客户的问题不同程度地存在。主要表现在:一是有些保险经纪机构滥用如实告知原则此项权利, 随意操作保险经纪业务;二是保险经纪机构的业务信息披露不够, 投保人和保险人无法了解保险经纪机构的资产负债、偿付能力、经营状况、发展前景等与诚信相关的资料, 只能凭借主观印象和经验做出判断;三是保险经纪机构对保险经纪人的培训和管理不严, 加上保险经纪人整体素质良莠不齐, “飞单”等现象层出不穷, 甚至出现了保险经纪人假冒保险经纪机构签章的违规操作行为, 一些保险经纪人丧失了最基本的诚信道德, 造假弄假, 骗取客户的信任, 不同程度地损害了投保人和被保险人的利益, 从而损害了保险经纪行业形象和信誉;四是保险经纪机构“重展业, 轻服务;重佣金, 轻管理”, 给社会造成“安排保险容易, 理赔服务跟不上”的不良印象。另外, 一些机构内部管理混乱, 并趁保险市场竞争激烈之季进行违规经营, 从中牟利, 如炒作保险公司索取高比率手续费;为保险公司违规“套现”;内部帐务不清, 收支混乱, 等等。这不仅在一定程度上搅乱了保险市场, 也使保险经纪市场的发展走向误区, 致使人们对整个保险市场产生误解, 对保险公司和经纪公司的合作与发展非常不利。

3. 中英两国的保险经纪市场的管理经营模式对比分析

通过对中英两国的保险经纪公司的管理经营模式对比, 我们可以看出, 在英国, 保险经纪市场的管理甚严, 自律甚紧, 经营有序。而我国保险经纪管理散漫, 经营混乱, 缺乏约束与行业自律, 缺少足够诚信。这便是我国保险经纪市场之发展缓慢的主要原因。因此。我们应建立起更加严格的管理经营模式, 培育一个崇尚诚信、值得社会信赖的行业环境, 促进我国保险经纪市场的更快的发展。

三、改善中国保险经纪管理经营模式的对策

1. 从法律、法规上进行规范和完善

从法律、法规上规范保险经纪活动各方的权利和义务, 加大对投保人合法权益的保护无疑是保险经纪行业重要的立法原则, 与此同时, 逐步建立与国际惯例相一致的保险纪纪法规体系。通过借鉴发达国家保险经纪行业法律、法规的先进之处, 结合我国保险经纪行业发展的实际情况, 进一步完善保险投资的相关法规, 通过立法, 拓展市场领域, 控制风险, 细化保险经纪操作规范, 提高民族保险经纪机构的盈利能力;加强对保险经纪人及其相关组织的管理, 规范保险中介行业及其从业人员的责、权、利, 以建立起一整套既具有中国特色, 又能与国际惯例接轨的保险经纪法律体系。

2. 强化监管机构职能, 提高监管水平

我们可以建立一系列制度对保险经纪经营和保险经纪人的行为规范进行控制, 从而强化其监管机构职能, 提高其监管水平:担保制度, 在缴存保证金或投保职业责任保险以外, 从事保险经纪的个人或法人应有保证人提供的一定数额的资金作担保;反不正当竞争行为制度, 要求保险中介人在从业时必须保持诚信, 以维护消费者的利益和保证保险市场的正常运转;客户投诉制度, 可以设立专门机构, 接受保险公司、社会公众对保险经纪机构的查询和投诉, 以对经纪机构及经纪人的日常行为进行全面监督;建立完善的行业自律机制, 设立相应的行业自律组织, 通过制定一系列的行业自律条例及守则, 从经纪人的专业水平、销售职业道德、日常行为规范等方面来对其加以约束, 而且负责对保险经纪人从业资格的审查、考试的组织、佣金的管理及日常行为的监督。除此之外, 还可以建立保险经纪人信息档案库, 对保险中介人的执业情况进行全面记录, 并接受社会公众对保险经纪人的查询和投诉。

3. 经纪机构和经纪人诚信意识的自我提高

保险经纪人应当具有相当高的职业道德, 要建立一定标准的诚信机制, 坚决反对保险欺诈, 反对商业贿赂, 保险公司是这样, 保险经纪机构也是这样。因此可以像律师事务所一样, 建立信誉度体系, 通过建立对保险经纪人的约束监督机制, 来规范保险经纪人的不规范行为。

保险经纪人的高素质是保险经纪行业顺利发展的前提。因此, 可以根据保险市场的要求设置多种类、多层次的资格认定与等级考试制度, 以确保经纪人的素质适应消费者多层次的需求。完善培训体制, 除了保险经纪机构自己开办或者资助对保险经纪人的培训外, 还可以借助各类自律机构和专门院校, 聘请保险以及法律等方面的专家上课, 以培养高级保险经纪人才, 各保险经纪机构也都应逐步建立自己的培训体系, 对其雇佣的经纪人进行职前教育和在职训练。

4. 保险纪经机构应不断建立诚信的管理模式

构建保险经纪机构诚信管理模式实际上是一个讲求内部诚信的问题, 应做到以下几点:1) .保险经纪经营者应当讲求内部诚信, 承诺和行为保持一致, 保险经纪人应维护所在保险经纪机构的利益, 保守商业秘密。2) .努力建立一支强有力的诚信的人才队伍。建立一种奖惩分明、激励适当的人才机制, 保证企业拥有源源不断的人才资源。3) .应当实行系统、细致、诚信、专业的服务。对待客户不仅要有高质量的产品和服务, 还要了解他们不断变化的需求, 拥有快捷的反应速度来全面满足他们的要求。同时, 对客户进行系统地研究、细分, 以提高客户服务水平, 培养客户对企业的忠诚度, 从而达到低成本、高效率的目的。4) .要建立有凝聚力的企业文化。富有凝聚力的企业文化能使企业形成一股合力, 酿造出诚信的保险经纪人, 从而促使企业的发展战略得以顺利实施。

5. 建立必要的诚信惩罚机制

如保险经纪人违反诚信, 投保人作为委托方最多也只能解除保险经纪服务委托协议书, 那么, 对于保险合同将产生怎样的影响呢?法律的一般原则是, 因对方的过错而遭受损失的另一方有权请求损害赔偿。但是也有人认为, 损害赔偿不能作为违反诚信义务的救济方式。当前最为有效的方式仍然是由过错方承担民法意义上的损害赔偿责任。承担该种责任的原则应当是过错责任原则。

6. 保险经纪公司应当建立科学、有效的组织机构, 加强稳健、周密的业务管理。

保险经纪公司的经营管理应符合自身的业务发展策略, 最大限度地实现财务利润目标。保险经纪公司要为客户提供随叫随到、零距离的本地化服务, 就必须在经营范围内广泛设立服务网点。无论是分公司还是办事处, 稳健而周密的分支机构管理都是必须先行的, 因为这关系到公司的经营稳健和责任风险。

四、结论

总之, 中国加入世界贸易组织后, 我国保险经纪行业正处于一个关键的发展时期, 良好、值得社会信赖的行业环境对保险经纪行业发展至关重要, 我们必须建立起系统而有效的法律法规体系, 加强行业协会的自律作用, 各保险经纪机构必须树立诚信意识, 开展诚信服务和公平竞争, 进行有条不紊的管理经营, 促进保险经纪行业健康发展。

参考文献

[1]、保险经纪相关知识.北京:中国财政经济出版社.2005

[2].保险原理与实务.北京:中国财政经济出版社.2005

[3]、骆德武.我国保险中介的困境和发展.深圳金融.2002年第11期

特许经营合同纠纷案第4篇

2003年，绿风荷公司与程某订立特许加盟合同，约定：绿风荷公司向程某授予“绿风荷茶楼”特许经营权、传授加盟店知识等，期限为5年，程某应支付加盟费15万元(无论何种情况均不退还)，特许保证金10万元(非定金性质，在程某违约等情况下绿风荷公司有权没收)，并按月支付特许使用费、特许广告费等。合同还约定如一方违约另一方可解除合同，违约金为30万元，程某以该特许加盟合同参与设立的公司对程某的上述义务承担连带责任。合同签订后，程某缴纳了加盟费15万元及保证金3万元。程某与他人共同出资设立了海通餐饮公司，由海通餐饮公司作为经营“绿风荷茶楼”加盟店的载体。之后，因程某长期拖欠特许使用费和特许广告费等，绿风荷公司经催讨未果于2004年提起诉讼，要求判令：解除特许加盟合同；程某支付特许广告费、特许使用费4171.28元、违约金30万元、特许保证金3万元；程某设立的海通餐饮公司承担连带责任。程某反诉称因绿风荷公司未履行员工培训、广告制作等合同义务，要求继续履行合同，并由绿风荷公司承担违约责任。同时，程某认为特许加盟合同中违约金过高，请求法院予以调整。海通餐饮公司同意程某的意见，并对承担连带责任没有异议。

法院审判

原审法院经审理后认为：绿风荷公司已依约履行了相关义务，程某拖欠相关费用的违约行为已构成合同解除条件，绿风荷公司有权解除合同，解除合同后应对该合同的后果一并进行处理。遂判决解除双方的特许加盟合同，程某支付绿风荷公司特许广告费、特许使用费4171.28元并支付违约金15万元，海通餐饮公司承担连带责任；绿风荷公司返还程某特许加盟费12万元、特许保证金3万元。绿风荷公司不服，提起上诉称其不应返还加盟费及保证金、程某应全额支付违约金等。二审法院经审理后认为：特许加盟费是被特许人为获得特许经营权而向特许人支付的一次性费用，系合同中关于该费用不予退还的条款符合该费用的性质及行业惯例，且合同系因程某违约致解除，故加盟费不应退还。综合本案实际履行情况，因绿风荷公司未能提供证据证明其具体损失，原审判决的违约金显属过高，应酌情减少。系争保证金不具有定金性质，应予退还。遂改判撤销原审判决书中关于绿风荷公司退还程某12万元加盟费的条款，同时变更程某支付违约金金额15万元为3万元。

法理评析

特许经营是特许者将自己拥有的商标、商号、产品、专利或技术、经营模式等以特许经营合同的形式授予被特许者使用，被特许者按合同规定，在统一的业务模式下从事经营活动，并向特许者支付相应费用的经营方式。本案是一起典型的特许经营合同纠纷。纠纷产生的原因是特许加盟合同，提前解除后，双方对合同解除的后果不能达成一致的认识，这在当前的特许经营纠纷中是一个比较突出的问题，具有代表性。以下结合本案的争议焦点，就其反映的法律问题展开探讨，以期为同类纠纷提供参考。

一、特许加盟费是否应退还

加盟费一般是在特许经营合同签订后，由加盟方一次性支付。商务部发布的《商业特许经营管理办法》将加盟费定义为“被特许人为获得特许经营权而向特许人支付的一次性费用”，虽然《办法》属于行政规章，效力层次不高，但该定义仍可作为本案审理时的一个参考。

实践中，特许双方往往并不清楚加盟费的性质，只是约定加盟费“一次性支付”，有的把加盟费看作是合同中特许使用费的一部分或预付款，也有的把加盟费理解为合同保证金。因此，在合同履行期限届满前解除合同时，特许双方对加盟费应否返还产生争议。

一般情况下，特许双方一经签订特许经营合同，即要求加盟者交纳加盟费，特许人才可能把特许经营权授予加盟者，加盟者也才有可能开展特许经营业务。正如《商业特许经营管理办法》所规定的，被特许人(加盟方)交纳加盟费是为了获得特许经营权。加盟费可以说是加盟者获取特许经营资格的对价，有了这种特许经营资格，加盟者才得以借鸡下蛋、快速实现资本的积累。然而，取得特许经营资格并不意味着经营活动能顺利展开，并取得成功。我们知道，特许经营作为一种特殊的商业模式，特许人首先应有自己的商标、商号、经营模式等资源；为将这些经营资源授权给被特许人使用，必须对被特许人提供相关的培训和支持，以使其顺利开业；在被特许人开业后，特许人仍需与其保持密切联系，继续提供支持与帮助，并在经营过程中与特许人持续合作，达到加盟的目的。在特许经营中，加盟者支付的费用除加盟费外还应包括特许经营使用费，即“在使用特许经营权过程中按一定的标准或比例向特许人定期支付的费用”。后者才是合同履行中，使用特许人经营资源的对价。

在市场经济中，商业风险随时存在，而特许经营恰恰具有低风险、低成本扩张，迅速广泛占领市场的特点，加盟者正是通过交纳加盟费获得特许经营资格，从而降低经营风险。美国有关商业立法中规定加盟费是加盟者必须交纳的风险金，其原因就在于加盟者交纳该费用后即可直接享受他人成功的经营模式，大大降低创业风险。因此，在合同开始履行后，如果双方在合同中没有约定中途解除时的处理原则，而特许方又切实履行了收取加盟费所应承担的义务，将特许权授予了加盟者，那么，即使中途解约，加盟费也不存在退还问题。

本案中，特许双方实际上约定了加盟费的处理，即“无论何种情况均不退还”，程某因此认为该条款属可撤销条款，一审法院也根据合同实际履行期限，判决绿风荷公司返还部分加盟费。对于订立合同时显失公平的条款，在当事人提出请求时，人民法院有权予以变更或者撤销。但此项权力的行使必须恰当，须顾及合同性质与行业惯例等因素。本案的具体情形下，约定是否可撤销还要看导致合同解除的原因是什么。既然一审法院已查明因程某违约而构成绿风荷公司解除合同的条件，那么绿风荷公司对于合同的解除没有任何过错，绿风荷公司按约收取加盟费并授予程某特许经营权，在解除合同时不予返还加盟费，并无不当，二审法院予以改判是正确的。需要强调的是，我们不能割裂实际情况，孤立地认识合同条款，本案双方关于加盟费的约定，在特许人未履行相关义务而导致合同解除时，如特许人的特许经营权本身有瑕疵、特许人未协助加盟者正常开业，就可能因为显失公平而被撤销。

二、特许保证金是否应退还

关于特许经营中的保证金，《商业特许经营管理办法》中的定义是“为确保被特许者履行特许经营合同，特许人向被特许人收取的一定费用。合同到期后，保证金应退还被特许人。”显然，收取保证金的目的是担保合同的履行，但这种担保形式与通常所说的定金有所不同，差别在于不能适用“定金罚则”：一方违约时，另一方不能扣除或要求双倍返还保证金。

本案中，虽然双方约定被告违约时，绿风荷公司可以没收保证金，但同时明确该保证金不具有定金性质，且绿风荷公司可将保证金用于抵充程某拖欠的债务，因此，合同中特许保证金的实质是一种以金钱作为质押标的的担保形式，双方关于保证金不具有定金性质的约定，系真实意思表示，按照《最高人民法院关于适用<中华人民共和国担保法>若干问题的解释》第118条的规定，对于程某交付的特许保证金，绿风荷公司不得主张定金权利，绿风荷公司关于不予退还保证金的请求无法律依据，只能主张以保证金抵扣程某应支付的债务或违约金。也就是说，特许保证金虽具有担保合同履行的作用，但当合同因一方违约而提前解除时，因立法未明确规定，特许保证金不具有定金那样的惩罚功能，类似功能的承担在本案中主要是通过违约金来实现的。

三、违约金如何确定

按照《合同法》第114条的规定，约定的违约金过分高于造成的损失的，当事人可以请求人民法院予以适当减少。一般而言，约定的违约金兼具补偿性和惩罚性功能，合同双方在签约时，对于违约金高于实际损失，是有一定认识的，如无特别不当，法院不宜介入对违约金的调整；但如违约金超出实际损失太多，或者一方依据其强势地位而迫使对方接受不公平的违约金条款，则法院也应予以干涉。

本案中，双方约定违约方应向守约方支付相当于加盟费两倍的违约金，即30万元。因绿风荷公司起诉时，程某仅仅经营数月，对绿风荷公司造成的损失有限，故法院对程某减少违约金数额的请求予以考虑。但在这个问题上，两审法院的具体认识并不一致。

原审判决中，将绿风荷公司的损失确定为其在程某未来经营期间可向程某收取的特许广告费、特许使用费以及特许加盟费，按合同约定，前两项费用的损失，需根据营业额计算，因程某违约而不能确定，只能酌情判断；关于特许加盟费，因原审判决部分返还，故就返还的部分构成绿风荷公司的损失。综合考虑绿风荷公司的损失，原审判决程某偿付违约金15万元。二审法院则认为：合同解除后赔偿的范围不应包括可得利益的损失。因合同解除的效力是使合同恢复到订立之前的状态，而可得利益只有在合同完全履行时才可能产生，绿风荷公司选择了解除合同，故不应得到在合同完全履行情况下所应得的利益；二审同时认定鉴于绿风荷公司无需返还特许加盟费，故无加盟费损失；至于绿风荷公司上诉所称其损失还应包括品牌、商誉、专有技术等无形资产，因未能提供证据，也未予认定，最终判决程某支付绿风荷公司违约金3万元。

厂房租赁协议合同1中英对照合同第5篇

出租方(以下称称甲方)：*********有限公司

Lessor (hereinafter called party A) :**********.

承租方(以下简称乙方)：********有限公司

Lessee (hereinafter called party B):********

双方当事人根据《合同法》及其他有关规定，经双方协商一致，订立如下协议，以资共同信守。

According to Contract Law of PRC and other regulations, the two parties through consultation hereby agree upon，and shall be bound by，the following terms:

第一条甲方出租的厂房位于杭州******工业园区一号厂房，一至二层及办公用房。

Article 1: The leasing item is the no.1 workshop from the first floor to the second floor and some offices located in******* District of Hangzhou.

第二条租赁期限共五年。租赁从9月1日至8月30日止。

Article 2: Lease term is five years from September 1, to August 30, .

第三条一号厂房一至二层面积共计________平方米。每平方米租金为_______元人民币每年。办公用房共计_______平方米，年租金为__________元人民币。租金合计为元人民币每年。

Article 3: The area of the no.1 workshop from the first floor to the second floor is _________square meters and the rent of which is_________per square meter every year. The area of offices is_________square meters and the rent of which is ______yuan in RMB.

The above rent adds up to RMB ________yuan a year.

第四条租金全年共计________ 元人民币,平均每月为_________元。

Article 4: The rent is RMB_______yuan per year and RMB _________yuan per month on average.

第五条乙方必须按时向甲方缴纳租金，先支付后使用，第一次租金支付方式：本协议签订之日起三日内付一季度租金。

Article 5: Party B should pay rent to party A at the prescribed time before putting into use. The rent of the first three months shall be paid within 3 days from the day on which this agreement is reached.

第六条其余需租赁的厂房面积按实际使用结算。

Article 6: The rent and other fees of the rest of the factory premises if used are paid according to the actual area which is used.

第七条乙方用电容量应控制在每平方米_______以内，用水量应控制在吨/月。在此范围内，乙方按__________元/千瓦/小时按月向甲方缴纳电费，水电费乙方应在每月30日前向甲方缴纳。在此范围以外，乙方承担因超出范围用水、电所产生的一切后果，并赔偿甲方因此造成的损失。如未给甲方造成损失的，则超出部分水电费及罚款乙方按政府有关部门的规定缴纳。乙方使用的电费按国家电价规定每月按实支付给甲方。

中英文抵押合同和贷款合同第6篇

Mortgage Contract

No. J.K.D.—032

hereinafter referred to as the main contract) signed by (borrower) and Party A Party B is willing to use the property owned or disposable according to laws as mortgage; Through verification, Party A agrees to accept the property mortgage of Party B;

According to relevant laws and regulations, based on mutual negotiations, Party

A and Party B make agreement in the following articles:

Article 1 Collateral of Party B

Party B uses the property in the List of Collateral (appendix) for mortgage. Party

B guarantees its ownership or right of disposal according to laws.

Article 2 Method of Mortgage Guarantee

1. When the debt stipulated in the main contract is due, the guarantee responsibility of the loan provided by Party A to Party B yet not repaid by Party B is ascertained according to the scope of mortgage guarantee in Article 3 of this contract; before the debt stipulated in the main contract is due, if Party A conducts recourse on the borrower in advance according to the main contract, Party B shall also take the guarantee responsibility with the collateral.

2. If Party A and Party B (or borrower) make written agreement of extending duration on the debt duration, interest rate, amount and etc. stipulated in the main contract, or Party A makes an adjustment in the interest rate according to the main contract during the debt duration stipulated in the main contract, it is not necessary to

get consent from Party B or to inform Party B and Party B agrees to all, then the mortgage guarantee responsibility undertaken by Party B shall not be affected.

Article 3 Scope of Mortgage Guarantee

The scope of mortgage guarantee includes the entire principal stipulated in the main contract, interest, overdue interest, penalty interest, compound interest, default fine, compensation for loss, all charges to enforce the mortgage right and realize the creditor’s rights (including but not limited to legal costs, arbitration fees, costs of preservation, announcement fees, assessment fees, appraisal charges, auction costs, travel expenses, communication expenses, counsel fees and etc.) and all other payable expenses of the debtor in the main contract.

Article 4 Custody of Ownership Certificate and Registration

of the Collateral

Party B shall deliver ownership certificate of the collateral to Party A on the date of contract signing, and both parties agree that within days after the contract is signed, Party B shall unconditionally assist Party B with relevant mortgage registration procedures. Ownership certificate of the collateral shall be in the custody of Party A during mortgage period.

Article 5 When there are other mortgage guarantee, pledge guarantee or guarantees in the creditor’s rights of Party A, if Party A gives up or removes other mortgage guarantee and pledge guarantee or dismisses guarantee responsibility of guarantees, Party B shall still take mortgage guarantee responsibility regarding Party

A according to articles stipulated in this mortgage contract.

If Party A suspends granting the loan that has not been granted or collects granted loan in advance based on the articles in the main contract, the guarantee responsibility undertaken by Party B according to this contract shall not be affected.

Article 6 Cost Bearing

Relevant costs stipulated in this contract such as assessment fees, insurance premium, appraisal charges, registration fees, custody charges and etc.

Article 7 Custody of the Collateral

1. During the mortgage period, the collateral shall be in custody of Party B or the entrusted agent of Party B; Party B and the entrusted agent of Party B shall maintain proper custody of the collateral and have the obligation of repair, maintenance and keeping it intact and shall accept the inspection of Party A at any time.

The mortgage period refers to the period from the day this contract comes into effect to the expiration day of statute of limitations of creditor’s rights stipulated in the Loan Contract.

2. During the mortgage period, Party B shall not take any actions that will reduce the value of the collateral; if such actions occur, Party A has the right to demand Party B to stop and recover the value of the collateral, or to provide new collateral accepted by Party A within 2 days after Party A informs Party B. Costs resulted from the recovery of the collateral of providing new collateral shall be undertaken by Party B.

3. Party B shall purchase property insurance for the collateral during the mortgage period, and the first beneficiary of the property insurance shall be Party A. Insurance documents shall be in custody of Party A. During the mortgage period, if losses within the insurance scope of the collateral occur or the value of the collateral is reduced because of the actions of the third party, insurance compensation or compensation for losses shall be used to liquidate the debt stipulated in the main contract in advance or shall be deposited by Party B in the account appointed by Party A, and Party B shall not use during the mortgage period.

Article 8 During the mortgage period, if the collateral causes environmental pollution or other damages, Party A alone shall take the responsibility.

Article 9 During the mortgage period, without written consent from Party A, Party B shall not give away, remove, rent, transfer, remortgage or dispose in other ways the collateral stipulated in this contract.

Article 10 During the mortgage period, with written consent from Party A, payment received from the transfer of the collateral by Party B shall be used to liquidate the mortgaged creditor’s rights of Party A in advance.

Article 11 In the expiration of the time limit of the main contract, if the borrower cannot liquidate the debt, Party B has the right to discount the collateral or take priority in compensation with the payment from the auction or selling off of the collateral.

Article 12 Party A has the right to realize the mortgage right through disposal of the collateral in advance, suspend the grant of loan stipulated in the main contract or collect the principal and interest of the granted loan stipulated in the main contract in advance when one of the following circumstances occur:

1. There are defaults of the articles or agreement stipulated in the main contract made by the borrower;

2. There are violations of in the agreed responsibility stipulated in Article 4, Article 7, Article 8, Article 9 and Article 10 of this contract or other actions of default; or Party B fails to fulfill resposibilities stipulated in this contract.

3. When Party B is a legal person or other organizations, situations that will affect its ability to liquidate debts or lack of good faith in debt liquidation occur such as suspension of business, suspension or annulment of business license, application or

being applied for bankruptcy, dissolution and etc.

4. When Party B is a natural person, death without heirs or devisees occurs;

5. When Party B is a natural person, heirs or devisees of Party B give up the inheritance or bequest and refuse to fulfill the obligation of repaying loan principal and interest;

6. Other events that will endanger the realization of creditor’s rights of Party A stipulated in the main contract.

Article 13 Responsibility for Breach of Contract

1. If Party B violates Article 7 of the contract through reduction in the value of the collateral resulting from the carelessness in the repair and management of the collateral, or actions of Party B directly endanger the collateral and result in the reduction in the value of the collateral, Party A has the right to demand Part B to immediately stop the violating actions towards the mortgage right of Party A, to demand Party B to provide other collateral accepted by Party A, and to dispose the collateral in advance.

2. If Party B violates Article 9 of the contract and arbitrarily disposes the collateral, the action is not valid; Party A has the right to demand Part B to immediately stop the violating actions towards the mortgage right of Party A, to demand Party B to provide other collateral accepted by Party A;

3. If Party B conceals the fact that the collateral is involved in co-ownership, disputes, seal-up, impoundment, rent, existing mortgage, legal priority right with lower mortgage right (including but not limited to priority right of construction project payment) or no ownership or disposal right of Party B and etc., Party A has the right to demand Party B to provide other collateral/ pledge property accepted by Party A;

4. When any of the above circumstances violating the contract occurs, if Party B fails to provide other collateral according to the requirements of Party A, Party B shall pay Party B a default fine amounting to of the loan principal stipulated in the main contract. If economic losses are caused to Party A, Party B shall compensate Party A for all the economic losses.

Article 14 Payment from Exercise of the Mortgage Right by Party A Shall be Assigned in Priority of the Following Order:

1. Payment of charges related to the exercise of the mortgage right;

2. Liquidation of interest payable by the borrower to Party A;

3. Liquidation of loan principal, default fine (including penalty interest), compensation and etc. payable by the borrower to Party A;;

4. Payment of other cost.

Article 15 Delivery

Except for other agreement, both parties designate the communication method and contact address stipulated in the contract as the basis, and any written notification delivered to the address shall be considered effective arrival. Party B shall promise that if there is any change in the communication method and contact address, Party A fails to notify the other party about the change in the communication method or contact address according to the agreement resulting in this party not receiving the notification from the other party, this party shall undertake corresponding consequences by itself.

The signing of personnel authorized by Party B or arranged by Party A for come-and-go files, legal papers or relevant notifications shall be regarded as the arrival to Party B, except that Party B explicitly notifies Party A in the written form that the personnel is not entitled to sign the come-and-go files, legal papers or relevant notifications.

Article 16 Terms of Compulsory Execution

1. Party A and Party B both confirm that according to relevant laws and regulations, they have specific understanding of the definition, content, procedure and effect of notarization that gives compulsory execution effect, and through conscious consideration, all parties agree to apply to the notarization authority for notarization and give this contract effect of compulsory execution.

2. Party B promises to accept compulsory execution according to laws when failing to fulfill or completely fulfill obligation of repayment stipulated in the contract; Party B gives up the right of pleadings.

3. When Party B fails to fulfill relevant obligations stipulated in the contract, Party A has the right to conduct collection and interpellation to Party B through mail delivery, telephone notification, announcement delivery and etc. Party B shall fulfill relevant obligations stipulated in the contract within three days after the collection and interpellation of Party A. If Party B still fails to fulfill relevant obligations stipulated in the contract, Party A has the right to apply to notarization authority for execution certificate.