2025年山东高考英语试题及答案

2025 年山东高考英语试题及答案本试卷满分 150 分, 考试用时 120 分钟。第一部分听力(共两节, 满分 30 分)第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe greening of planes, trains and automobilesMoving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cellsHydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018?A. 11.6%.B. 45.1%.C. 74.5%.D. 86.1%.2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily?A. Planes.B. Trucks.C. Trains.D. Ships.3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition?A. Limiting fuel consumption.B. Putting more effort into renewables.C. Improving energy efficiency.D. Making electricity more affordable.【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 2018 年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息 ROAD VEHICLES 部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在 2018 年全球交通排放中占...